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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the structural element of aminoglycosides
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amino sugars in glycosidic linkages
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What is oral absorption of aminoglycosides?**
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NONE
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What is the CSF penetration of aminoglycosides?
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NONE readily
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What are aminoglycosides exclusively used to treat?
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infection from G- enteric bacteria
or SEPSIS* |
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How do aminoglycosides work?
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these inhibit protein synthesis
by inhibiting 30S subunit |
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Is there cross resistance between different aminoglycosides?
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yes there is
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What is the major toxic effect of aminoglycosides?
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ototoxicity- which causes both auditory and vestibular functional problems of CN8
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What pH do aminoglycosides work best in?
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alkaline pH
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What casues aminoglycosides to accumulate in the body?
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during renal failure
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What must happen in a cell for aminoglycosides to be effective?
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they must bind irreversibly to 30S, and produce a non functional 30S subunit
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How do aminoglycosides affect bacteria?
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these are bacteriacidal
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What are the mechanisms of resistance to aminoglycosides?
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enzymes that adenylate, phosphorylate, or acetylate the aminoglycoside drugs
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What bugs are aminoglycosides very good at killing?
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G- rods
and P. aeruginosa |
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What strange bugs is Streptomycin used to kill?
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Tularemia, bubonic plague, tuberculosis, endocarditis
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What is Kanamycin and neomycin used for?
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pre-operative suppresion of enteric aerobic flora
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What is Neomycin used for?
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hepatic encephalopathy
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What is Paromomycin used for?
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intestinal amebiasis
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What are topical neomycin/gentamyicin used for?
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topical tx of burns and wounds
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What is Spectinomycin?
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this is similar to aminoglycosides, but has a different structure
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What is Spectinomycin used to treat?
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treating uncomplicated gonorrhea with a single IM injection in pts who are allergic to ceftriaxone (
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