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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What causes resistance in TB?
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genetic mutation in the organisms chromosome
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What two drugs can be given in the Latent phase?
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Isoniazid
Rifampin |
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What drug is used to prophylax TB in HIV pts?
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Rifampin
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Who has a positive TB test @ only 5mm?
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HIV, immunosuppressed
close contact with TB pts persion with fibrotic lesions on CXR |
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Who has a positive TB test @ 15mm?
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ONLY low risk persons
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How does Isoniazid affect TB on its own?
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bacteriacidal for growing ones
bacteriostatic for latent TB |
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What must you ALWAYS give with INH? Why?
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other drugs like rifampin, streptomycin, or ethambutol
For active TB |
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Where can INH get into?
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this can get into intracellular bacteria
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What are the CNS effects of Isonizaid
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this can cause CNS stimulation, seizures
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How does Isonizaid affect slow acetylators?
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this can cause peripheral neuritis (neruopathy)
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how does Isonizaid affect the liver?
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this can cause liver damage, requires LFT's
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How does Isonizaid affect blood?
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hemolysis with G6PD deficiency
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How does Rifampin work?
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this inhibits DNA dependent RNA polymerase
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What gene causes resistance to Isonizaid?
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katG
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What gene causes resistance to Rifampin?
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rpoB
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How is Rifampin eliminated?
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primarily through bile
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What is Rifampin used to treat?
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solo tx of LATENT TB
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Who should NOT get Rifampin?
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HIV pts taking protease inhibitors, use rifabutin instead
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What are the side effects of Rifampin?
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increases need for methodone
colors everything orange |
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How does Ethambutol work?
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inhibits arabinosyl transferases, that are used in cell wall synthesis
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What gene causes resistance to Ethambutol?
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embCAB
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What are the major side effects of Ethambutol?
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decrease in visual acuity, and loss of green-red perception
this suggested retrobulbar neuritis |
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What is Pyrazinamide?
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this is a 1st line anti TB drug
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what gene causes resistance to pyrazinamide?
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pncA
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How is Aminosalicyclic acid given?
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Orally
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What are the adverse effects of Aminosalicyclic acid?
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anorexia
peptic ulcer kidney/ liver damage thyroid damage |
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How is Ethionamide given?
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Orally
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what are the side effects of Ethionamide?
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neuro problems
GI irritation |
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How is Capreomycin given?
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IM
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what are the side effects of Capreomycin?
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kidney damage
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How is cycloserine given?
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orally
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What are the side effects of cycloserine?
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neuropathy
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How is rifabutin given?
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orally
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What are the side effects of rifabutin
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nausea vomiting
dyspepsia urine discoloration - orange coloration thrombocytopenia |
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What does Dapson treat?
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leprosy
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What does Clofazimine treat?
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leprosy
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How does Clofazimine work?
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this binds to mycobacterial DNA, and inhibits reproduction and growth
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What does Thalidomide treat?
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erythema nodosum leprosum
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How does Isonizaid work?
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inhibits mycolic acid synthesis
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How does Rifampin work?
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inhibits DNA dependent RNA polymerase
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What is pyrazinamide very toxic to?
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the liver- dont give!
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how does pyrazinamide work?
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inhibits trans-translation process
affects non replicating bugs |
