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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Is barbiturate a typical anticonvulsant |
NO Because As an anticonvulsant, it is restricted to treatment of febrile convulsion in children |
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Is barbiturate a drug of choice in epilepsy |
NO Because epilepsy is a chronic disorder |
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Drug of choice in birth asphyxia |
Phenobarbitone |
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Drug of choice in cerebral edema is |
Dexamethasone |
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Drug of choice for insomnia |
Benzodiazepines |
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A monoamine oxidase inhibitor used as an antidepressant and also used in the treatment of Parkinson is |
Selegelline |
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Inhibitory neurotransmitters |
GABA Dopamine |
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Excitatory neurotranmitters |
Glutamate Aspartate |
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2 diseases associated with glutamate are |
Seizure- here glutamate brings about neuronal overfiring Alzheimer/dementia- here glutamate causes neuronal excito toxicity which leads to topical neurone loss of memory |
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Which anticoagulant can be used in pregnant women |
High molecular weight Heparin. Do not use wafarin because it has a low molecular weight and can cross the placenta hence it is teratogenic in effect. |
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Why is heparin not given IM |
Because it causes hematoma. Instead give it IV or Subcutaneous |
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List of drugs that are highly bound to plasma proteins |
Na+ blockers like Phenytoin Aspirin Warfarin |
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Drug used by athelets as a masking agent is called |
Probenecid |
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A class of drug known to cause hirtusim is |
Na+ blockers....Hydatoins such as Phenytoin Fosphenytoin Mephenytoin |
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A drug used previously to reduce appetite and to control weight, and also illegally as recreational drug and performance enhancer is |
Amphetamine it also increases wakefulness |
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Drugs that cause the release of dopamine into the nucleus of acuben to bring about schizophrenia include |
Amphetamine and CNS stimulants like cocaine |
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3 proves of dopamine theory of schizophrenia |
1. Amphetamine and CNS stimulants like cocaine cause release of dopamine into the nucleus of acuben to bring about schizophrenia 2. LSG causes release of dopamine and serotonin to illicit hallucination 3. Classical antipsychotic block opaminr and bring relieve in schizophrenic symptoms |
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Minor tranquilizers are the ......... While major tranquilizers are the...... |
Anxiolytic drugs Antipsychotic drugs |
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In the past antipsychotic drugs were called......or...... |
Major tranquilizers Neuroleptic drugs |
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2 classes of anti psychotic drugs and their MOA |
1. Classical or typical (1st or old generation) they are so called because the obey the dopamine theory of schizophrenia. MOA. They block dopamine receptor D2 to bring about relief in schizophrenic symptom 2. Atypical or nonclassical (new generation/2nd generation) they do not necessarily obey dopamine theory in their mechanism of action and unlike the classical that normally causes increase in appetite and weight gain, the non classical induces hypoglycemia |
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Consequences/ pharmacological / actions / features of classical antipsychotic |
This is the answer |
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Blockade of dopamine in the mesolymbic mesocortical pathway by anti psychotics results in |
The relief to schizophrenia or psychosis |
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Blockade of dopamine in the nigostriatal pathway by anti psychotics results in |
Extra pyramidal dysfunctions including 1. Hypokinesia 2. Tardive dyskinesia 3. Rabid syndrome 4. Akinesia 5. Athotosis |
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Blockade of dopamine in the hypophsial pathway by anti psychotics results in |
1. Antiemesis via the CTZ 2. Hyperprolactinemia |
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Blockade of alpha1 by antipsychotics results in |
1. Orthostatic hypotension (postural hypotension) 2. Severe hypotension when given in a bolus dosage |
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Blockade of dopamine in the H1 receptor by anti psychotics results in |
Anti histamine 1 effect. It leads to increase in appetite and weight gain |
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Subclasses of typical antipsychotic |
1. Phenothiazine.....prototype drug is chlorpromazine, Triflupromazine, Promazine. Acetophenazine, Fluphenazine, Trifluoperazine, Thioridazine
2. Butyrophenone.... Prototype drug is haloperidol, Droperidol, Trifluperidol 3. Reserpine |
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MOA of atypical antisychotics |
They do not necessarily block the action of dopamine. Their MOA includes 1. Blockade serotonine 5HT 2. Blockade of dopamine 3. Mechanism of action is unknown |
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What is the classical side effect of atypical antipsychotics |
Hypoglycemia |
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Why are the antipsychotics preferred in modern day |
Because they do not block H1 or alpha 1 receptor, hence do not cause orthostatic hypotension or increase appetite or weight gain |
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Great baby syndrome is an adverse effect associated with the use of what drug |
Chloramphenicol |
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Mention 4 drugs that have Systemic Lupus Erythematosis like syndrome as adverse effect |
Phenytoin, Isoniazid Procainamide Hydralazine |
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A drug associated with Extrapyramidal side effects like Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (muscle rigidity, tachycardia, unstable BP, parkinsonism) is |
Antipsychotics |
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Identify 3 major anti fungals for superficial mycoses |
Clotrimazole Nystatin Griseofulvin |
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Adverse effects of cycloheptidine |
Drowsiness Dry mouth Weight gain Ataxia |
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Specific adverse effect of Cimetidine |
Gynaecomastia in men and rarely decreases sexual function.It also inhibits CYP450 |
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Chemistry of PPI |
They are all substituted Benzimidazole that resemble H2 receptor antagonists in structure but with a completely diff MOA. They are all ORALLY active Lansoprazole, pantoprazole and Esomeprazole have iv formulations |
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Which drug is known of cause blackening of stool which may be confused with GI bleeding |
Bismuth |
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A drug used for prevention of travelers diarrhea is |
Bismuth salicylate |
