Pharmacology: Pharmacogenetics & Drug Interactions: Block Iii

Front 1

What is the effect of cholestyramine, antacids, and ferrous sulfate on some drugs?

Back 1

Binds them and decreases GI absorption

Front 2

What effect does cimetidine (ranitidine) have on ketoconazole? Why?

Back 2

It decreases ketoconazole absorption because it blocks acid secretion and alters the pH of GI fluid.

Front 3

What is the effect of phenobarbital, carbamazepine, phenytoin, rifampin and St. Johns Wort?

Back 3

They induce certain CYPs and increase drug metabolism.

Front 4

Which two compounds inhibit Xanthine oxidase?

Back 4

Allopurinol and oxypurinol

Front 5

When xanthine oxidase is inhibited, which two compounds have decreased metabolism?

Back 5

Hypoxanthine and 6-mercaptopurine (these levels increase)

Front 6

What effect do amiodarone, erythromycin, ketoconazole, and grapefruit juice have?

Back 6

Inhibit certain CYPs and therefore decrease certain drug metabolism.

Front 7

These two drugs decrease renal excretion of other drugs:

Back 7

1. Probenecid
2. Thiazide diuretic

Front 8

Reduction in this isozyme is the basis for acetylation polymorphism yielding rapid and slow acetylator phenotypes.

Back 8

NAT2 isozyme

Front 9

This is a cytosolic enzyme that catalyzes the methylation (deactivation) of and anti-inflammatory drugs such as mercaptopurine. Individuals who are autosomal recessive develop severe hematopoetic toxicity when treated with standard doses of thiopurines.

Back 9

Thiopurine S-methyltransferase

Front 10

Irinotecan is a drug that is effective against several cancers and is converted to an active metabolite by ________.

Back 10

UGTA1A

Front 11

This is a metabolizer of drugs that helps convert certain drugs (temoxifen & codeine) to their active metabolite.

Back 11

CYP2D6

Front 12

This metabolizer is responsible for oxidation and inactivation of S-warfarin and reduction in its activity leads to increased risk of bleeding:

Back 12

CYP2C9

Front 13

This drug metabolizing enzyme catalyzes biotransformation of clopidogrel, antidepressants, barbituates, proton pump inhibitors, antimalarial and antitumor drugs:

Back 13

CYP2C19

Front 14

Decreased levels of this enzyme lead to decreased effectiveness of clopidogrel and increased risk of blood clots.

Back 14

CYP2C19

Front 15

Is responsible for hydrolyzing succinylcholine which produces muscular relaxation during surgical procedures

Back 15

Serum cholinesterase

Front 16

Alterations of this receptor may affect the actions of albuterol

Back 16

Beta-2 adrenergic receptors (ADRB2)

Front 17

Genetic variants of the multidrug resistance transporter _________, the product of the MDR1 gene, have been associated with altered transport, efficacy, and toxicity of digoxin, tacrolimus and irinotecan.

Back 17

P-glycoprotein