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19 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Indication for ABX
- Tx of superficial ocular infections of the conjunctiva or cornea due to susceptible organisms
- ALL opthalmic ABX are effective for stph, strep and h. influenzae
Warnings and ADR's of ocular ABX
- Sulfite sensitivity
- Flouroquinolones: white crystalline precipitates, corneal staining, decreased vision
- General ADRs: transient stinging and itching
Sulfonamides
Sulfacetamide
Macrolides
Erythromycin
Fluoroquinolones
- Broad spectrum
- Normally used in medicine
- Cannot prescribe to kids
Aminoglycosides
- Borad spectrum
- Usually for more severe ocular infections
- Gentamicin
Glucocorticosteroids indications
- Inflammatory conditions (ex. allergic conjunctivitis)
- Post op inflammation
- Corneal injury from burns or penetration of FB
- Avoid in infection if possible
Glucocorticosteroid ocular products
1. Dexamethasone
2. Prednisolone
NSAID indications and ADRs
- Indications: mostly post-op inflammation
- ADRs: transient burning and stinging, itching, allergic rxn, blurred vision, dryness
NSAID products
Ketorolac
- Used for relief of ocular itching d/t seasonal allergiv conjunctivitis and tx of post-op inflammation from cataract extraction
Mydriatic indications
- Only administered in office for - opthalmic procedures
- MOA: anticholinergic
Mydriatic products
1. Tropicamide - shortest duration
2. Atropine - longest duration
Antihistamines
- Indications: prevention and relief of eye symptoms d/t allergic conjunctivitis
- MOA: stabilizes mast cells and/or H1 blocker
- ADRs: local eye irritation, burning, stinging
Histamine 1 (H1) blocker
Levocabastine
Mast-cell stabilizer
Cromolyn
Combo H1 blocker/mast cell stabilizers
1. Ketotifin (Zyrtec, Claritin)
2. Olopatadine
Sypathomimetics - vasoconstrictors/decongestants (alpha-1 agonist)
1. Oxymetazolone
2. Phenylephrine
Restasis
- Autoimmune defect in lacrimal glands
- Indication in keratoconjunctivitis sicca (chronic dry eye)
1. Cyclosporin
Glaucoma
- Due to increase IOP which leads to progressive cupping and atrophy of optic nerve head and ultimately blindness
- Primary open angle glaucome (POAG) is the most common
- The goal of POAG is to reduce IOP, either by reducing production or increasing the drainage of aqueous humor