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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Indication for ABX
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- Tx of superficial ocular infections of the conjunctiva or cornea due to susceptible organisms
- ALL opthalmic ABX are effective for stph, strep and h. influenzae |
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Warnings and ADR's of ocular ABX
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- Sulfite sensitivity
- Flouroquinolones: white crystalline precipitates, corneal staining, decreased vision - General ADRs: transient stinging and itching |
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Sulfonamides
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Sulfacetamide
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Macrolides
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Erythromycin
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Fluoroquinolones
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- Broad spectrum
- Normally used in medicine - Cannot prescribe to kids |
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Aminoglycosides
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- Borad spectrum
- Usually for more severe ocular infections - Gentamicin |
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Glucocorticosteroids indications
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- Inflammatory conditions (ex. allergic conjunctivitis)
- Post op inflammation - Corneal injury from burns or penetration of FB - Avoid in infection if possible |
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Glucocorticosteroid ocular products
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1. Dexamethasone
2. Prednisolone |
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NSAID indications and ADRs
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- Indications: mostly post-op inflammation
- ADRs: transient burning and stinging, itching, allergic rxn, blurred vision, dryness |
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NSAID products
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Ketorolac
- Used for relief of ocular itching d/t seasonal allergiv conjunctivitis and tx of post-op inflammation from cataract extraction |
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Mydriatic indications
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- Only administered in office for - opthalmic procedures
- MOA: anticholinergic |
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Mydriatic products
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1. Tropicamide - shortest duration
2. Atropine - longest duration |
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Antihistamines
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- Indications: prevention and relief of eye symptoms d/t allergic conjunctivitis
- MOA: stabilizes mast cells and/or H1 blocker - ADRs: local eye irritation, burning, stinging |
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Histamine 1 (H1) blocker
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Levocabastine
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Mast-cell stabilizer
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Cromolyn
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Combo H1 blocker/mast cell stabilizers
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1. Ketotifin (Zyrtec, Claritin)
2. Olopatadine |
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Sypathomimetics - vasoconstrictors/decongestants (alpha-1 agonist)
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1. Oxymetazolone
2. Phenylephrine |
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Restasis
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- Autoimmune defect in lacrimal glands
- Indication in keratoconjunctivitis sicca (chronic dry eye) 1. Cyclosporin |
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Glaucoma
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- Due to increase IOP which leads to progressive cupping and atrophy of optic nerve head and ultimately blindness
- Primary open angle glaucome (POAG) is the most common - The goal of POAG is to reduce IOP, either by reducing production or increasing the drainage of aqueous humor |