Pharmacology Of The Sympathetic Nervous System 2

Front 1

NE effect on CNS

Back 1

increase in NE results in increased attention and wakefulness

decrease in NE results in sedation and forgetfulness

Front 2

Prazosin (minipress)

Back 2

alpha 1 blocker--prevents binding of NE and E

treats hypertension

Front 3

terazosin (Hytrin)

Back 3

alpha 1 blocker

relaxes bladder sphincter in benign prostatic hyperplasia

Front 4

adverse effects with alpha 1 blockers

Back 4

orthostatic hypotension

sexual dysfunction

Front 5

alpha 2 receptor agonist symptoms

Back 5

decreased sympathetic outflow in the vasomotor center in the medulla

decreased release of NE from the nerve terminal

decreased production of renin from juxtaglomerular cells (kidney)-->decreased angiotensin II production (powerful vasoconstrictor)

release of NO from endothelial cells that cause vasodilation in coronary and pial vascular beds

Front 6

activation of adrenergic alpha 2 receptors

Back 6

vasodilation and decreased blood pressure

Front 7

clonidine clinical use

Back 7

alpha 2 agonist

inhibits NE release from presynaptic neuron-->treats hypertension and hot flashes

Front 8

clinical use of alpha methyl NE

Back 8

alpha 2 agonist

inhibits release of NE from presynaptic neuron-->treats hypertension

Front 9

yohimbine

Back 9

alpha 2 blocker in both CNS and PNS

treats erectile impotence

increased SS activity

increased NE release

increased angiotension II

decreased ability of the coronary vessels to dilate

Front 10

phentolamine

Back 10

non-selective alpha 1 and alpha 2 blocker

antidote for alpha 1 adrenergic vasoconstriction

Front 11

side effects of non-selective alpha 1 and alpha 2 blocker

Back 11

tachycardia

Front 12

alpha 2 blocker effects

Back 12

opposite of clonidine

increases sympathetic outflow from the medulla

increases NE release from nerve terminals

increase renin release from JG cells because more NE to activate beta 1 receptors

decrease NO release

Front 13

beta 1 receptor location

Back 13

heart

Front 14

dopamine

Back 14

beta 1 agonist

used in cardiogenic shock to support cardiac activity and to maintain urine flow

Front 15

dobutamine

Back 15

synthetic beta 1 agonist

Front 16

selective beta 1 blocker

Back 16

acts principally on receptors in the ventricles

Front 17

clinical use of beta 1 blocker

Back 17

decreased stress response and decrease in heart rate

Front 18

beta 1 blocker used for

Back 18

angina pectoris

hypertension

hyperthyroidism to slow the heart rate

Front 19

angina pectoris

Back 19

coronary flow is decreased-->decreased oxygen

Front 20

carvedilol--a mixed beta 1, beta 2, alpha 1 blocker

Back 20

used to treat high blood pressure

Front 21

timolol a non-selective beta blocker

Back 21

treats glaucoma by reducing the aqueous humor production by blocking beta receptors in the ciliary epithelium

Front 22

why should caution be taken with the use of propranolol in patients with diabetes?

Back 22

catecholamines promote glycogenolysis and mobilize glucose in response to hypoglycemia through action of beta 2 receptors in the liver

non-selective beta blockers delay recovery from hypoglycemia

Front 23

beta 2 receptor location

Back 23

lung

arterioles in skeletal muscle, heart, and brain

Front 24

beta 3 receptor location

Back 24

fat cells

Front 25

alpha 1 activation

Back 25

constricts vascular smooth muscle of vessels in skin and gut

Front 26

alpha 2 activation

Back 26

decreases NE release from presynaptic terminal

decreases sympathetic outflow in brainstem

decreases renin release in JG cells

increases release of NO in the vascular endothelium

Front 27

beta 1 activation

Back 27

increased cardiac output

increased renin release in JG cells

Front 28

beta 2 activation

Back 28

relaxes vascular smooth muscle of vessels in skeletal muscle, heart, and brain

relaxes smooth muscle of lung