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4 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Organic nitrates |
Glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) and isosorbide mononitrate
Action- NO, activates guanylate cyclase, which forms cGMP from GTP. This triggers a PKG cascade that results in dephosphorylation of myosin light chains and sequestration of intracellular Ca, thus resulting in vasodilation. This reduces TPR and pre-load which reduces O2 demand and increases perfusion to ischaemic areas. Side effects- Reflex tachycardia ,headache, hypotension with risk of fainting,methaemoglobinaemia (blue man!) GTN is sublingual, IMN chewable and sublindual |
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Calcium antagonists |
nifedipine, amlodipine, diltiazem, verapamil Action- blocking L-type Ca channels. There is depression of force of contraction of the heart, which results in reduced oxygen demand. There is also vasodilation, which reduces peripheral resistance but also increases the coronary perfusion Side effects include bradycardia and high AV block, headache and constipation . Nifedipine- CO^^^, TPR!!!,MAP!!!, coronary flow ^^^ Diltiazem - HR!!, CO^,TPR + MAP^^, CF ^^^,AV conduction!! Veramapril- Basically same as diltiazem but weaker and worse AV block |
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K + channel opener |
nicorandil Action- A K-channel activator,which causes hyperpolarisation, slowing heart rate and causing vasodilation. |
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f current inhibitor: |
Ivabradine Action- inhibits the I funny current to slowdown heart rate Side effects- enhanced visual brightness |
