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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the two mechanisms for synthesising Glutamate?
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Transamination of alpha-ketoglutarate from Krebs cycle or from glutamine by glutaminase.
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how is the action of glutamate terminated in the synaptic cleft?
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recapture to never ending or nearby astrocytes.
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How many types of Glutamate receptors are there? What are they called?
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4 1 metabolic (metabotropic) and 3 ionotropic (AMPA, Kainate, NMDA)
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What is necessary for NMDA receptors to open other than Glutamate?
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Glycine
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What happens when NMDA receptor open?
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A slow excitatory post synaptic potential, with greater Ca2+ permeability.
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Is a kainate receptor pre or postsynaptic?
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Bot
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Is a AMPA receptor pre or postsynaptic?
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Post
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Is a NMDA receptor pre or postsynaptic?
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Post
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Is a Metabotropic receptor pre or postsynaptic?
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Both
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How is GABA produced?
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From glutamate by glutamic acid decarboxylase
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What are the main kinds of GABA receptors?
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GABAa and GABAb
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How is the action of GABA terminated?
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reuptake into neurones and astrocytes
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What is the effect of GABAa activation?
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Its is a postsynaptic Cl- channel and so decreases electronic excitability. Typically produced by a fast inhibitory post-synaptic potential.
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What is the effect of GABAb activation?
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It is Pre+postsynaptic Gi linked membrane potential. inhibiting Ca2+ channels and activating K+ channels. Both decreasing excitability.
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GABAa is important for which two large class of drugs?
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Benzodiazepines and barbiturates.
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Describe the glycine receptor?
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CL- inhibatory channel
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What is the action of Diazepam on the GABAa receptor?
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Binds as an agonist to the benzodiazepine receptors-facilitates GABAa action.
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Give an antagonist at GABAb?
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Baclofen
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Give an inverse agonist of GABAa?
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beta-carbolines (work at benzodiazepine receptor)
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