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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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antibacterial
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a general term for an agent that inhibits bacterial growth, impedes replication, or kills bacteria micro-organisms
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antibiotic
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an agent produced by a micro-organism or produced semi-synthetically from a microorganism that inhibits bacterial growth, impedes replication, or kills bacteria micro-organisms
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antimicrobial
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an agent that kills microorganisms or suppresses their multiplication or growth
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bactericidal
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kills bacteria (eg. Penicillins, Streptomycin, Neomycin, and Cephalosporins)
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bacteriostatic
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inhibits bacteria replication (eg.sulfonamides, chloramphemicol, tetracyclines, erythromycin); then the immune system can remove the inhibited bacteria
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beta-lactamase
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an enzyme, that certain bacteria contain, that destroys the beta-lactam ring, and therefore, the effectiveness of certain antibiotics (B-lactams); penicillins and cephalosporin categories of drugs both have Beta-lactam rings
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in vitro
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within an artificial environment
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in vivo
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within the living organism
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MIC
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-minimal inhibitory concentration
-the lowest concentration of an antimicrobial that macroscopically inhibits growth of an organism (in vitro) -represents the degree of susceptibility of the organism to a drug -the smaller the MIC number when comparing the MIC for a drug against various bacteria, the more effective it is predicted to be in vivo |
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Agar disc diffusion test (Kirby-Bauer test)
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-another method to determine resistance or susceptibility
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extra-label
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-off label drug use, when a product is used in a manner different from the manufacturer's label recommendations.
-eg: different species, different dosage rate, different frequency of administration, different route, different purpose |
