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73 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Subcutaneous Injection
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loose connective tissue under the dermis.
sites: outer posterior aspect of the upper arms abdomen from below the costal margins to the iliac crest anterior aspect of the thighs |
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Intramuscular Injection sites
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faster absorption
sites; ventrogluteal vastus lateralis deltoid |
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ventrogluteal
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patient is lying in a a supine psition, place the palm of your hand against the greater trochanter of the patients hip, point thumb toward patienst groin with index finger placed on the anterosuperior iliac spine, middle finger along the iliac crest towards buttock
this forms a V-shaped triangle |
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vastus lateralis
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on the anterior lateral aspect of the thigh, below the greater trochanter of the femur. midline of the outer thigh
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Deltoid
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midpoint of the lateral aspect of the upper arm.
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Intradermal
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injection into the dermis.
inner forarm and upper back |
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Intramuscular needle
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21g 11/2 inch needle
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Subcutaneous needle
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25g 5/8 inch needle
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Inulin needle
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31g 1/2 inch needle
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Intradermal needle
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25g 5/8 inch needle
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3 mL syringe
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measures in 10ths or 1/10 mL
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1 mL syringe
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measures in10ths or 1/10 mL.
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TB syringe
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measures in 100th or 1/100 mL
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Insulin syringe
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measures in 100th or 1/100 mL
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what syringe is used for 0.02 mLs
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TB syringe - 25g 5/8inch needle
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what syringe measures units
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Insulin syringe 31g 1/2 inch needle
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what syringe would you use to administer 1.5 mLs
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3 mL syringe - 21g 1 1/2 inch needle
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what syringe is used to measure 0.9 mL
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3 mL syringe 21g - 1 1/2 inch needle
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5 rights of medication administration
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rt. drug
rt. dose rt. time rt. patient rt. route and any allergies |
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how do you check medications 3 times
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check medication when removing from drawer
check medication when placing meds in med cup check meds when you put them back in drawer |
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How do you check if you have the right patient
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name band
asking patients name/birthday some facilities have pictures |
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what order do you administer medications
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oral medications first capsules/tablest
liquid oral medication medications taken without water injections |
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how many tablest of the same medication can be taken at one time
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3 tablets / if neccessary call pharmacy to see if different dosage is available
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Meds measured in 100ths is drawn up in what syringe
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TB syringe
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Meds measured in 10ths is drawn up in what syringe
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3 mL syringe
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Insulin is drawn up in what syringe
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only insulin syringe
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what syringe is used for heparin
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TB syringe only
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Pharmacology
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the study or science of drugs to provide an understanding of they work in living organisms
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Pharmacokinetics
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study of drug actions as they move through the body
absorption - disribution - metabolism - excretion |
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Absorption
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movement of a drug from its site of administration into the bloodstream
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Distribution
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the transport of a drug by the bloodstream to ist site of action.
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what primary organs metabolize and excrete drugs
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primarily the liver and kidneys metabolize and excrete drugs
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Metabolism
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chemical changes in a drug after administration
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Excretion
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elimination of drugs from the body
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Half - Life
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the time required for 1/2 or 50% of a given drug to be removed from the body
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Onset of action
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time required for a drug to elicit a therapeutic (healing) response
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Peak effect
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the time required for a drug to reach its maximum therapeutic response
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Duration
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the length of time the drug concentration is sufficient to elicit a therapeutic response
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Enteral drug administration
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drug is absorbed into the systemic circulation thru the mucosa of the stomach, small and large intestine
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Parenteral route
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any route of administration other than the GI tract. usually by injections
the fastest way a drug can be absorbed |
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Topical route
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application of medication to various body parts, legs, arms, thigh, and back
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Transdermal route
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delivery of a drug thru adhesive patches
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Pharmacodynamics
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the study of what a drug does to the body. concerned with mechanisms of drug action in living tissue
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Receptor interactions
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a reactive site on the surface or inside a cell.
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Enzyme interactions
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the substances that catalyze nearly every biochemical reaction in a cell.
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Nonselective interactions
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are drugs with nonspecific mechansims of action. main targets are cell membranes and various cellular processes
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Acute therapy
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intensive drug treatment and is implemented in the acutely ill or citicully ill.
Has to happen so patient does not die |
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Maintencance therapy
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prevents progression of a disease or condition
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Supplemental therapy
or Replacement therapy |
supplies the body with a substance needed to maintain normal functions
Example ; insulin |
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Palliative therapy
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to make the patient as comfortable as possible.
comfort care |
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Supportive therapy
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maintains the integrity of body functions while the patient is recovering from illness or trauma.
example; dialysis |
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Prophylactic therapy
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to prevent illness or other undesiravle outcomes during planned events.
example; pre-operative antibiotic therapy before a surgical procedure |
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Empiric therapy
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drug administration when a certain pathologic condition has an uncertain but high likelihood of occurrence.
example; antibiotics to prevent strep-throat before culture is finished |
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Pharmacognosy
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the study of all natural drug sources.
examples; plants, animals, minerals and laboratory synthesis |
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therapeutic index
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the ratios of a drug's toxic level to the level that provides therapeutic benefits.
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Drug concentration
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all drugs reach a certain concentration in the blood. it is an important tool to evaluating the clinical response to drug therapy
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Patients condition
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patients response to a drug may vary freatly depending on physiologic and psychologic demands.
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Tolerance
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a decreasing response to repeat drug use
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Dependence
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a psychologic or physiologic need for a drug.
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physical dependence
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is a physiologic need for a drug to avoid with-drawl symptoms
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psychologic dependence
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is an addiction
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interactions
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drugs may interact with other drugs,foods or agents administered as part of a laboratory test.
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Misadventures
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undesirable occurence involving medication. caused from medication error, allergic reactions
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iatrogenic
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due to the action of a physician or a therapy the doctor perscribed.
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idosyncratic reaction
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a genetically determined abnormal response to a normal dosage of a drug
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Teratogenic effects
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drugs or other chemicals that result i structural defects in the fetus.
Birth defects |
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Mutagenic effects
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are permanetnt changes in the genetic composition of living organisms and consist of alterations in chromosome structure or the genetic code of DNA
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Carcinogenic effects
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the cancer-causing effects of drugs, other chemicals, radiation and viruses.
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C - 1
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only eith approved protocal,
Heroin, LSD |
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C - 2
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written prescriptin only NO REFILLS
Codine, cocaine, morphine |
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C-3
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written or oral prescription that expires in 6 months hydrocodone, pentobarbital rectal suppositories
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C - 4
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written or oral prescription that expires in 6 months
Phenobarbital, diazepam, |
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C - 5
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writtem prescription or over the counter medication
cough medications, diarrhea, Tylenol, Motrin |
