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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Most prominent type of drug excretion
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Renal
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3 Functions of the PCT
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Regulates pH
Reabsorbs molecules Drug secretion |
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2 functions of the loop of henle
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1) Regulates conc of the filtrate
2) Creates conc. gradient in the medulla |
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3 functions of the DCT
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Regulates body electrolytes and filtrate pH
BP drug action site Drug reabsorption |
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Size, lipid solubility, pH and protein binding: which of these affects what drugs are able to be filtered renally
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Size and whether they are bound to plasma protein
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What happens to drugs not filtered by the glomerulus
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The efferent arteriole divides into capillaries around the PCT, and are secreted into the PCT
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When can reabsorption of drugs occur in the DCT
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When drug conc in DCT is greater than the conc in the blood
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What two requirements for drugs to be reabsorbed in the DCT
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Lipid soluble and uncharged
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3 types of drugs excreted in bile
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1) High molecular weight (>300)
2) Polar and lipophilic functional groups 3) Glucronidated |
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2 transporters involved in biliary excretion
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1) P-glycoprotein - Amphipathic
2) MRP2 - Glucuronidated |
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Amphipathic means
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Polar and lipophilic
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Where do drug transporters start and finish for biliary excretion
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Start in the hepatocytes and move into the bile
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2 possibilities for drugs excreted into bile
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1) Enter intestines and be digested/eliminated
2) Enterohepatic recycling |
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Mechanism of enterohepatic recycling
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Drugs excreted as bile into the intestines can have the conjugates cut off by intestinal enzymes, leaving the original, unmetabolized, parent drug allowing it to return to systemic circulation
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3 factors of pulmonary excretion
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1) Resp. rate
2) CO 3) Solubility of drug in blood |
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Relationship between blood solubility of a drug and its rate of pulmonary excretion
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High solubility = Low excretion
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3 common properties of drugs excreted in the breast milk
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1) Low protein binding
2) Low molecular weight 3) High lipophilicity |
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What can and can't cross the membrane into the breast milk
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Can: Lipophilic drugs, BCRP substrates, Weak bases
Can't: Hydrophilic |
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3 alternate routes of drug excretion
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Hair, saliva, sweat
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