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91 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Drugs that mimic neurotransmitters are called antagonists
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false
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Cytochrome P450 is the enzyme system responsible for metabolism of most drugs
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true
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Drugs are mainly excreted in the kidney but may also be excreted in the lungs, saliva, and feces
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true
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When a drug causes induction of enzymes, this means that the enzymes which normally break down the drug are inhibited
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false
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Grapefruit juice causes a buildup of certain drugs because they can no longer be metabolized by Cytochrome 3A4
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true
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According to Dr. Chen, a drug with high protein binding and a narrow therapeuric index is not likely to interfere with the distribution of herbal preparations
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false
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When 2 drugs act synergistically, their combined effect is equal to the sum of each drug taken alone
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false
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Most drugs are absorbed in the small intestine
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true
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According to Dr. Chen, antidiabetic drugs and anticoagulant drugs have a high risk of interacting with herbs
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true
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Acetylcholine normally controlls the heart, i.e., is dominant
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true
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Acetylcholine causes decreased urination
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false
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Neuromuscular blocking agents act at nicotinic receptors
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true
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Acetylcholine causes increased urination
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true
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Side effects of muscarinic antagonists include salivation and lacrimation
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false
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Cholinesterase inhibitors cause a buildup of acetylcholine
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true
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Acetylcholine causes mydriases (large pupil)
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false
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Muscarinic agonists are used for urinary retention
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true
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Muscarinic antagonists have been associated with memory problems
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true
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Acetylcholine is responsible for bronchodilation
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false
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Acetylcholine controls secretions, i.e., is dominant
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true
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To combat low blood pressure, norepinephrine is released and acts at Beta 1 receptors to cause an increase in renin
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true
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To combat low blood pressure norepinephrine is released and acts at alpha 1 receptors in the heart to cause increased cardiac output
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false
((beta 1 receptors, not alpha 1)) |
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Angiotensin II and aldosterone both cause retention of water and sodium
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true
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Calcium channel blockers work in both the heart and vascular smooth muscle
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true
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A common side effect of beta blockers is impotence
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true
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Alpha 2 agonists cause norepinephrine to be released in the brain
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false
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Alpha 2 agonists cause a decrease in the release of norepinephrine in the brain
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true
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All diuretics cause water, sodium, and potassium excretion
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false
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Beta blockers that are selective for both beta 1 and beta 2 can be used safely by asthmatic patients
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false
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Many antiarrhythmics work by blocking electrolyte (e.g., sodium, potassium, calcium) channels
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true
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Drugs that relax vascular smooth muscle cause a decrease in total peripheral resistance
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true
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Sympathomimetics are used to stimulate alpha 2 receptors to produce mydriasis for eye exams
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false
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Digioxin is an inotropic agent meaning that it causes increased force of contraction in the heart
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true
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Vitamin K is used for overdose on heparin
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false
((protamine sulfate)) |
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Anticoagulants do not dissolve clots
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true
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There is now a genetic test to see whether people are unusually sensitive to the effects of warfarin
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true
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Lipitor is a pregnancy category C
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false
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Vitorin is a combination of anticholesterol drugs that decreases absorption of cholesterol and also inhibits synthesis of cholesterol
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true
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Grapfruit juice decreases the concentration of Lipitor, thereby reducing side effects of Lipitor
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false
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Rhabdomyolysis is a toxic effect of statin drugs
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true
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Decreased hepatic function tests (LFTs) indicate liver damage
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false
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Anticholinergics and beta blockers are both used for asthma
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false
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Anticholinergics and beta 2 agonists are both used for asthma
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true
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Leukotriene modulators used for asthma work by inhibiting eosinophil migration
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true
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Serevent, a drug used for asthma, has been associated with severe, life threatening asthma
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true
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Antihistamines used for respiratory allergic disorders block the histamine 2 receptor
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false
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Antihistamine side effects such as dry mouth, blurred vision and urinary retention are due to the anticholinergic effects of antihistamines
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true
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One of the problems with inhaled corticosteroids for respiratory disorders such as asthma is that patients can get yeast infections if they don't rinse the mouth after using the inhaler
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true
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H2 antagonists work by neutralizing stomach acid
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false
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Side effects of proton pump inhibitors include headaches and GI problems
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true
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H2 antagonists work to reduce the secretion of gastric acid
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true
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Side effects of proton pump inhibitors include headaches and GI problems
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true
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H2 antagonists have been associated with risk of dementia in elderly Blacks and Whites
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false
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Local antidiarrheals are opiates
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false
((some are)) |
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If a person stops losing weight while taking amphetamine-related anorexiants, the dose should be increased
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false
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Adverse reactions to anorexiants involve primarily the cardiovascular and central nervous systems
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true
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Meridia causes loss of appetite by inhibiting the satiety center of the brain
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false
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People taking Xenical for weight loss can avoid unpleasant side effects by consuming a high fat diet
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false
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Certain drugs approved for ADHD, diabetes and epilepsy are being prescribed off label for wieght loss
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true
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Ritalin is not associated with psychosis
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false
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Tolerance occurs to certain abnormal repetitive movements caused by both dextroamphetamine and methylphenidate
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false
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People taking modafinal (Provigil) as a productivity boosting drug may experience a rare but dangerous side effect known as Stevens-Johnson syndrome
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true
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If drug abusers crush the ADHD drug lisdexamphetamine (Vynase) and add water to it so that they can inject it, they will not experience an amphetamine high
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true
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Meridia is contraindicated for bulimia
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false
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Ritalin is not approved for use in children under the age of 6
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true
((not yet anyway)) |
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Tylenol use during pregnancy has been associated with patent ductus arteriosis in newborns
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false
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Aspirin use during pregnancy has been associated with patent ductus arteriosis in newborns
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true
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NSAIDs should not be used late in pregnancy because of the possibility of bleeding and delayed labor
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true
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Daily doses of Tylenol and NSAIDs (except for aspirin) have been associated with high blood pressure
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true
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Aspirin and other NSAIDs reversibly block thromboxane in platelets, thereby inhibiting blood clotting
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false
((aspirin irreversibly blocks thromboxane in platelets)) |
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The most effective and most expensive drug for rheumatoid arthritis is methotrexate
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false
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Colchincine is used for acute attacks of gout
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true
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About 5% of Tylenol is metabolized to a toxic intermediate that requires glutamate in order to be further metabolized to a safe compound
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false
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About 5% of Tylenol is metabolized to a toxic intermediate that requires glutathione in order to be metabolized further into a safe compound
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true
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Chronic alcohol drikers have increased levels of the cytochrome P450 enzyme that is involved in the metabolism of Tylenol
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true
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Cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) is responsible for protecting the GI tract and the kidney
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false
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Cyclooxygenase 1 (COX1) is responsible for protecting the GI tract and the kidney
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true
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According to a recent study, 5 of the top 6 drugs causing deaths are painkillers
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true
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Treatment for tension headaches is either NSAIDs or benzodiazapines
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true
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Both migraines and cluster headaches are believed to be caused by vasoconstriction
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false
((vasoconstriction --> vasodilation --> pain)) |
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Magic mushrooms (psilocybin) have been effective in treating migraine headaches
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false
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Magic mushrooms (psilocybin) have been effective in treating cluster headaches
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true
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Triptans have been used to relieve both tension and migraine headaches
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false
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Triptans have been used to relieve both migraine and cluster headaches
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true
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Cluster headaches occur predominantly in men
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true
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Tricyclic antidepressants are very effective in treating chronic pain, but they are difficult to treat in an overdose
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true
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Opiates cause respiratory depression and this is usually the cause of death in an overdose
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true
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Tolerance develops to miosis, constipation and the pain relieving effects of opiates
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false
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Lyrica is an anticonvulsant that is also used for chronic pain
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true
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People taking opiates for chronic pain are addicted to opiates
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false
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Botox is being used to treat migraine headaches
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true
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