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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Epi and NE have _________ oral bioavailability
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low
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What receptors are activated by dopamine?
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dopamine, beta1 and alpha
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Will isoproterenol or dobutamine be better at lowering PVR?
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isoproterenol
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Cutaneous blood vessels contain mainly alpha__ receptors
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1
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what adrenomimetic would you use to prevent spread of local anesthetic?
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alpha1 agonist
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what are nasal decongestants? by what mechanism do they work?
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alpha1 agonists (phenylephrine, xylometazoline, oxymetazoline); cause vasoconstriction and shrink swollen mucosa
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What is the difference between phenylephrine, xylometazoline and oxymetazoline?
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phenylephrine = short duration; xylo and oxy = long duration
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what is the problem with chronic use of nasal decongestants?
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rebound nasal congestion caused by alpha1 receptor downregulation
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how does hemorrhoid cream work?
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it is an alpha1 agonist that vasoconstricts the swollen vasculature known as hemorrhoids
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What is the drug of choice to treat anaphylaxis?
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epinephrine
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what is the drawback of NE in treating anaphylaxis?
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does not activate beta2 -> little effect on bronchoconstriction
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Which adrenomimetics are used to treat hypotension? what is their effect?
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norepi and phenylephrine; alpha1 agonists -> vasoconstriction -> increased BP
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Which adrenomimetic is given to treat SVT?
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phenylephrine
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What makes vagal maneuvers more appealing that using alpha1 agonists to treat SVT?
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phenylephrine has side effects
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Which adrenomimetics would be used to treat AV block?
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epinephrine and isoproterenol (beta1 agonists)
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what are the short acting asthma/COPD adrenomimetics?
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albuterol, metaproterenol, pirbuterol, terbutaline
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what are the long acting adrenomimetics?
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salmeterol, formoterol, arformoterol
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What makes albuterol a better choice than isoproterenol/epinephrine for asthma?
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less beta1 side effects
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how would tirbutaline stop uterine contractions in premature labor?
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activation of beta2 receptors causes uterine relaxation
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What effect would phenylephrine have on the eye?
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pupillary dilation
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what are the contraindications to using direct acting adrenomimetics?
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cardiovascular disease, hyperthyroidism, diabetes
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Tyramine promotes the release of _____
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norepinephrine
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cheese and beer contain a lot of __________ and should be avoided while taking __________ _______ or else the patient could experience a ________ __________
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tyramine; MAO inhibitors; hypertensive crisis
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what are the mixed acting adrenomimetics?
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ephedrine, pseudoephedrine
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ephedrine is approved for the treatment of what conditions?
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asthma, COPD, nasal decongestion
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what are the adverse effects of ephedrine?
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excessive stimulation of the heart, CNS symptoms (crosses the blood brain barrier)
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pseudoephedrine produces more or less CNS side effects than ephedrine?
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less
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