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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Drug ending "-statin" |
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (example: atorvastatin)
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Labs to monitor with lipid lowering drugs |
Liver function tests (LFTs), creatine kinase (CK)
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How often should adults be screened for high cholesterol? |
Every 5 years |
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Cholesterol is mainly produced when? |
At night |
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Which lipoproteins are the "bad" lipoproteins? |
LDL |
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The triglycerides are carried by which lipoproteins? |
VLDL |
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Carbohydrates should be restriced to 50-50% of the caoloric intake because they can form what? |
triglycerides |
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Saturated fats should be what percent of the caloric intake? |
<7% |
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How do HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors work? |
Reduce synthesis of cholesterols by inhibiting the enzyme. And increasing the number of LDL receptors in the liver. |
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When should statins be taken? |
In the evening |
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What are two severe adverse effects of statins? |
Hepatoxicity and myopathy |
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What are two contraindications for statins? |
Liver disease and pregnancy |
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How do bile-acid sequesterants lower cholesterol? |
They inhibit reabsorption of bile and cause the liver to use LDLs in the blood to make more bile. The liver increases the number of LDL receptors in the liver. |
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What deficientcies can be caused by bile-acid sequestrants? |
Vitamin A, D, E, K |
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A patient must wait how long after the administration of bile-acid sequestrant before taking another medication? |
4 hours |
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Bild-acid sequestrants are taken to lower what? |
LDL |
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What three lipid changes are expected with Niacin? |
Decreased triglycerides, decreased LDLs, increased HDL |
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What medicines are used to premedicate patients prior to Niacin? |
ASA or ibuprofen to limit flushing |
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Fibrates (or fibric acid derivatives) are the most effective drug for lowering what? |
Triglycerides |
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Fibrates can cause what gastrointestinal dysfunction? |
Gallstones, nausea, diarrhea, and abdominal pain |
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What major risk increases when fibrates are coadministered with statins? |
Risk of myopathy (also liver injury and kidney disease) |
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Do fibrates increase or decrease the effect of warfarin? |
Increase by displacing warfarin from the albumin. |
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How does ezetimibe (Zetia) work? |
Blocks reabsorption of dietry and biliary cholesterol. |
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What are the side effets of ezetimibe (Zetia)? |
Myopathy, rhabdomyolysis, pancreatitits, hepatitis, thrombocytopenia |
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Lovaza is used to decrease with lipid? |
Triglycerides. |
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Niacin is the most effective drug for what? |
raising HDL |
