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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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This is a prodrug that is converted to sulfonilamide
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sulfonamide
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These inhibit DIHYDROPTEROATE SYNTHASE
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sulfonamides
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This inhibits DIHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE
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Trimethoprim
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Adverse reactions of this class of drugs include:
1. hematopoietic disorders 2. dermatologic reactions and hypersensitivities 3. neonatal jaundice due to bilirubin elimination |
sulfonamides
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This class of drugs:
1. decreases effect of oral contraceptives 2. increases effect of inhibiting CYP2C9 (warfarin) 3. increases effect by protein binding displacement (sulfonyurea) |
sulfonamides
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MOA for this class of drugs:
Binds to cations in tissues and causes cascades |
quinolones
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Adverse reactions of this class of drugs include bone and cartilage development and tendon rupture
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quinolones
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This class of drugs usually cause classtridium difficile to occur causing severe diarrhea
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quinolones
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This class of drugs can interact with macrolides, anti-arrhythmics, tricyclic antidepressants, because it causes QT prolongation and centricular arrhythmias
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quinolones
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This class of drug is bound by cations so can have interactions with iron, calcium, magnesium and zinc--> must space out usage
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quinolones
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This drug is used for UTIs only
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nitrofurantoin
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MOA of this drug:
inhibits DNA synthesis by the nitrofuran reductase enzyme in bacteria which reduces it to the active metabolite of hydroxylamine |
nitrofurantoin
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NFSa and NFSb are mutants of the nitrofuran reductase enzyme in bacterial cells, which causes the nitrofurantoin to do what
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stay in inactive, non-metabolized form
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Adverse effects of this drug are pulmonary toxicity (RARE but FAMOUS rxn causing direct cellular damage) and effects on G6PD deficient patients-->hemolytic anemia
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nitrofurantoin
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This enzyme maintains RBC health and metabolism and is commonly deficient in some patients
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G6PD
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This drug achieves adequate concentrations only in urinary tract because of UTI treatment
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nitrofurantoin
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This newer drug of nitrofurantoin has macrocrystals which slow the absorption and stop nausea and vomiting side effect
*can't use of patients creatinine Cl < 60ml/min b/c of no adequate concentration for UTI |
macrobid
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MOA for this drug:
inhibits activity for MurA (which is involved in peptidoglycan synthesis in bacterial cell walls) and leads to no cell wall |
fosfomycin
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What is the dosage form of fosfomycin? used with a salt
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oral, fosfomycin-tromethamine
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Resistance of this drug is due to altered GLPT pumps (which it uses to get into the cell)
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fosfomycin
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This drug has very high urine concentration (well above the necessary amount to stop UTI growth) and it used as powder + H2O to drink... also dosing is once every other day for three days
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fosfomycin
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This drug has very high urine concentration (well above the necessary amount to stop UTI growth) and it used as powder + H2O to drink... also dosing is once every other day for three days
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fosfomycin
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This drug has very high urine concentration (well above the necessary amount to stop UTI growth) and it used as powder + H2O to drink... also dosing is once every other day for three days
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fosfomycin
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MOA of this drug:
ACIDIC URINE--> converted to formaldehyde which has direct antiseptic effect on urine species helping UTI |
methenamine (campfire)
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Methenamine MUST be converted to this active form in an acidic urine environment to work properly
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formaldehyde
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Is there any renal resistance to methenamine?
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NO because formaldehyde is the active part of conversion
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This OTC antibiotic is made of sodium salicylate and methenamine and supposedly? helps with the pain of UTIs
*no evidence that it works |
cystex
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This OTC product helps with pain of UTIs and contains a dye that stains body fluids red/orange (also contacts)
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Phenazopyridine
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This OTC product for UTIs, if used before diagnosing the UTI with 'dipstick' will cause it to not work
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phenazopyridine
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Along with nitrofurantoin, this OTC product for UTIs can cause hemolytic anemia in patients with G6PD deficiency
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phenazopyridine
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This OTC product for UTIs, if used before diagnosing the UTI with 'dipstick' will cause it to not work
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phenazopyridine
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Along with nitrofurantoin, this OTC product for UTIs can cause hemolytic anemia in patients with G6PD deficiency
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phenazopyridine
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