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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What makes laxatives especially dangerous
a) deadly adverse effects b) hi dependency c) no risk, they are perfectly safe |
hi dependency
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T/F
Stimulant laxatives increase peristalsis via indirect effect on intestinal smooth muscle |
F
DIRECT effect on intestinal smooth muscle also- promote fluid accumulation in SI/Colon |
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T/F
bulk laxatives are safer than stimulant laxatives |
True - bc nothing will kill you
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list the 4 types of laxativs
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stimulant
bulk- safest saline- dangerous lubricant- least popular |
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Bulk laxative
a) magnesium salts b) mineral oil c) biscodyl (biscolax) |
NONE
Mg Salts - saline mineral oil - lub biscodyl (biscolax) - stimulant bulk lax Ca polycarbophil (mitrolan) methylcellulose (cologel) psyllium |
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Saline laxative work via which mechanism?
a) create barrier between colon/feces b) osmosis- draw water into SI c) increase moisture content of stool d) directly increase peristalsis |
osmosis
osmotically draw water into SI may cause ab cramping and electrolyte disturbance Can be dangerous if not overhydrated!!! Mg Salts |
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Laxative most likely to decrease absorption of nutrients and fat soluble vitamins
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lubricant laxatives- increase water retention in stool by creating a barrier between colon wall and feces to prevent reabsorption
Mineral Oils |
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Stimulant Laxative
a) mineral oil b) castor oil c) milk of Mg |
castor oil
Biscodyl cascara sagrada pheolphthlien senna |
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laxative that can cause strictures if taken without appropriate water
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bulk lax
Ca++ Polycarbophil methylcellulose psyllium |
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your px has a black tongue, why is asking about recent episodes of diarrhea a good idea?
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pepto bismol will darken the tongue
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antidiarrheal that acts by increasing smooth muscle tone in the GI
a) Pepto Bismol b) lomotil c) kaopectate d) imodium |
lomotil
side effects of opiates |
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a px with diarrhea and a history of opiate addiction should not take
a) Pepto Bismol b) lomotil c) kaopectate d) imodium |
lomotil
take imodium instead |
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in addition to absorbing xs water in the stool, nutrients may be absorbed and fecal impactions may occure
a) Pepto Bismol b) lomotil c) kaopectate d) imodium |
kaopectate
lomotil = lo motility loperidine (imodium) = lo peristalsis pepto bismol = binding, black |
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powerful that inhibits peristalsis and prolongs transit of stool
a) Pepto Bismol b) lomotil c) kaopectate d) imodium |
loperidine (imodium)
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Anti-emetics may mask symptoms of ______ _________ __________
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ototoxicity
intestinal obstruction (reverse peristalsis) brain tumors esp: bucladin-s, marezine, dramamine |
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which of the following would be the primary reason why an MD may not prescribe buclizine HCl (bucladin-s)
a) constipation b) ab pain c) urinary retention |
urinary retention
also causes- drowsiness, dry mouth, HA, blurry, and Masks symptoms of ototoxicity, intestinal obstruction, brain tumor |
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antiemetic that may also cause auditory and visual hallucinations in addition to general effects
a) cylclazine HCl (Marezine) b) dimenhydrinate (dramamine) c) HCl (raglan) |
marezine
dramamine |
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antiemetic who's adverse effects require 3 days for onset and 3 days for remissions
a) diphenidol Hcl (Vontrol) b) HCl (raglan) c) prochloperazine (compazine) |
diphenidol HCl (vontrol)
may cause sleep disturbance, hallucination, disorientation, hypotension, urticaria, ht burn |
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T/F
HCl (raglan) works as selective antagonist against 5HT3 seratonin receptors |
F
HCl- raglan blocks dopamine receptors Zofran- works as selective antagonist against 5HT3 seratonin receptors |
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Prochloperazine (Compazine) supresses NV but may cause which prominent adverse effects?
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Psycho effects & extrapyramidal symptoms
sedation, orthostatic hypotension urinary retention, gynecomastia, inhibited ejaculation, dermatitis, jaudice |
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derivative of Marijuana used for chemo patients w anorexia and NV
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dronabinol (marinol)
may cause ataxia, dizzy, disorientation, memory loss, muddled thinking, visual disorientation, tachycardia, otho hypotention |
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antiemetic that may cause extrapyramidal symptoms, hypertension, prolactin secretion, and loss of labido
a) prochloperazine (compazine) b) HCl (raglan) c) diphenidol Hcol (vontrol) |
prochloperazine (compazine)
HCl (raglan) |
