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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are some common modes of action of antiparasitic drugs?
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inhibition of neuromuscular system, inhibition of neuronal system, inhibition of energy metabolism, damaging membrane integrity, interfering with reproduction.
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What are some examples of anticoccidials?
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amprolium, decoquinate, Ionophores (monensin, lasolocid, salinomycin, narasin), sulfonamides
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How does amprolium work against coccidia?
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The coccidial life cycle is 7 days, it works to day 5-6 to treat and prevent coccidiosis by inhibiting thamine tranpsort. APPROVED IN LAYING BIRDS
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What is the drug of choice for treating giardiasis? why?
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Metronidazole- inhibits nucelic acid synthesis. Drug of choice because you start with the 1st drug that is least effective so you don't harbor resistance.
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What drugs can be used to treat giardia?
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metronidazole, benzimidazoles, albendazole, fenbendazole, quinacrine, furazolidone
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When treating amebiasis what is the drug choice?
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Metronidazole
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When is it inappropriate to use metronidazole when treating amebiasis?
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Pregnant animals, use furazolidone instead
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How would you treat a trichomoniasis?
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metronidazole in dogs and horses but not approved in food animals.
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What drugs would you use to treat trichomoniasis in food animals?
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clioquinol
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Which drug is used to treat Trichomonas columbae (pigeon canker)?
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Carnidazole
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What is the drug of choice for dogs and cats with toxoplasmosis?
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clindamycin, you can also yuse sulfonamides
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What is the drug of choice for treating babesiosis in horses?
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imidocarb
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What drug to you use to treat anaplasmosis?
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oxytetracycine
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Which drugs treat sarcocystis neurona in horses?
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Nitazoxanide, Ponazuril
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Which drugs treat cryptosporidiosis?
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paromomycin, azithromycin, nitazonxanide
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What are some examples of antritrematodals?
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clorsulon- only kills adults
albendazole |
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Which drug is used to treat liver fluke in cattle?
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clorsulon but it only kills adult stages
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What are some anticestodals?
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dichlorphene, praziquantel, epsiprantel, fenbendazole
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What is dichlorophrene used against?
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Dichlorophrene is approved in dogs and cats against Taenia and Dipylidium
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What is praziquantel used tagainst?
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Praziquantel is an anticestodal used in dogs and cats against Taenia, Dipylidium, Echinococcus. In horses- anopolcephala spp.
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What is fenbendazole indicated for?
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It is a broad spectrum antiparasitic.
It is used in dogs against roundworms, hookworms, whipworms and Taenia pisiformis |
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Define endectocide
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an antinematodal that acts on both external and internal parasites.
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What class is considered an endectocide?
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Ivermectins: ivermectin, eprinomectin, doramectin, selamectin
and Milbemycins: milbemycin, moxidectin |
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In what species is ivermectin used/
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horses, cattle, swine, sheep,dogs and cats
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Which ivermectin is approved in food animals>
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Eprinomecin
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What is selamectin used for?
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Selamectin is Revolution. It is used in dogs and cats >6wks old. Kills adult fleas, heartworm, ear mites, sarcoptic mange, and ticks. Also treats hookworm and roundworm in cats
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Mibemycin oxime is used for:
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dogds over 8wks old to prevent heartworm disease. Also used for hookworm, roundworm, whipworm prevention (INTERCEPTOR)
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What are some examples of broad-spectrum anthelmintics?
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benzimidazoles, imidathiazoles, tetrahydropyrimidines, organophosphates, emodepside
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Which benzimidazole is used in a variety of species and is approved in lactating dairy cattle?
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fenbendazole
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Why is there concern with using imidathiazoles such levamisole?
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It has a narrow safety margin. It is used in cattle, sheep, and swine for GI rounds and lungworms
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Febantel is usually combined with praziquantel in Drontal Plus. What is it used to treat.
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Febantel is a broad spectrum antinematodal
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What class is pyrantel and what does it treat?
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Tetrahydropyrimidine. It is used in dogs,cats,horses, and swine to treat large roundworms and hookworms.
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Which antinematodal is approved in lactating dairy cattle?
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morantel
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What is emodepside?
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It is an acyclic depsipeptide that is anti-nematodal. It is combined with praziquantel in Profender. Used to treat roundworms, hooks, cestodes
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Narrow spectrum antinematodals include:
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piperazine: toluene, n-Butyl chloride, disophenol
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what are some adulticidal heartworm preventatives?
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melaromine IM
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What are some microfilaricidal therapies?
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ivermectin, milbemycin
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What are some preventatives for heartworm?
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ivermectin, mibemycin oxime, moxidectin, selamectin.
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