Pharmacology For Nusing

Front 1

MAC

Back 1

Minimum alveolar concentration, the lower the MAC the higher the potency

Front 2

Distribution of inhaled anesthetic agent

Back 2

1 Regional blood flow
2 Brain, kidney, heart, liver

Front 3

Where do we export the inhaled anesthetic agent?

Back 3

In the breath

Front 4

AE's of inhaled anesthetic agents

Back 4

Respiratory and Cardiac depression (hypotension)
Malignant hyperthermia (genetic)
Aspiration of gastric contents
Toxicity to OR personnell
Hepatotoxicity

Front 5

Fn of Benzos

Back 5

reduce anxiety, promote amnesia

Front 6

Fn of Opiods

Back 6

relieve pre/postoperative pain, suppress cough

Front 7

Fn of Clonidine

Back 7

A2 agonist, HTN and pain reduction, reduce anxiety, sedation

Front 8

Fn of Anticholinergic

Back 8

Decrease risk of bradycardia during surgery

Front 9

Isoflorane

Back 9

Inhalation agent, PROTOTYPE
induce and maintain anesthesia

Front 10

NO2

Back 10

Nitrous Oxide
High analgesic, weak anesthetic

Front 11

Neuromuscular Blocking Agents mechanism of action

Back 11

Interfere with communication from a nerve to a muscle
*Do NOT provide analgesia or sedation (Think anesthesia awareness)

Front 12

Tubocuraine

Back 12

Nondepolarizing NMB
*Used in ECT therapy, diagnosis of MG

Front 13

Succinylcholine

Back 13

Depolarizing NMB
*ULTRA SHORT ACTING (4-10min)
Assist w/ ET, endoscopy

Front 14

Succinylcholine Contx

Back 14

Hyperkalemia-the drug promotes the release of potassium from the tissues
Narrow angle glaucoma
Familial psuedocholinesterase (STOPS action of succinylcholine)

Front 15

Analgesic

Back 15

drug to relieve pain

Front 16

Anesthesia definition

Back 16

Drug to put you to sleep. Includes Inhalation, IV, Local/Regional

Front 17

IV Anesthetics

Back 17

Supplement inhaled agents, permit dosage of inhal agent to be reduced
*Rapid loss of consciousness

Front 18

Propofol (Diprivan)

Back 18

IV Sedative hypnotic
*RAPID onset/short duration action
*Bacterial infection (drug is mixed in soybean oil and egg)

Front 19

Local Anesthetics definition

Back 19

REVERSIBLY block all nerve impulses by disrupting permeability to sodium during action potential.

Front 20

What is the order of blockage with local anesthetics?

Back 20

Pain, cold, warmth, touch, deep pressure

Front 21

Lidocaine (Xylocaine)

Back 21

Local Anesthetic
Amide (metab. by the liver)
*Infiltration anesthesia, nerve blocks, spinal and epidural blocks

Front 22

What are local anesthetics usually combined with?

Back 22

Vasoconstrictors to decrease local blood flow, reduce toxicity of drug, delay systemic absorption of anesthesia

Front 23

AE's Lidocaine (Xylocaine)

Back 23

CNS agitation/depression
*Monitor BP, pulse, RR, state consciousness
Dec uterine contractility and maternal expulsion effort Fetal bradycardia and CNS depression

Front 24

Classes of Opiod Receptors drugs interact with

Back 24

Mu
*Analgesia, resp depression, euphoria, sedation, physical dependence
Kappa-analgesia and sedation

Front 25

Equinalgesic dose

Back 25

Analgesic dose compared to 10mg morphine

Front 26

Morphine

Back 26

Opiod Agonist to Mu and Kappa
Decreases the release of substance P (modulates Pain perception)
Contx: respiratory depression, hypersensitivity, other CNS depressant use

Front 27

Fentanyl (Sublimaze)

Back 27

Opiod
Equainalgesic dose
Induction of surgical anesthesia
Rapid onset, short duration
**Only use in pts with severe pain

Front 28

Hydromophone (Dilaudid)

Back 28

Opiod
Equainalgesic dose

Front 29

Meperidine (Demerol)

Back 29

Opiod
Equainalgesic
Short half-life (must repeat dosing at short intervals)

Front 30

Methadone (Dolophine)

Back 30

Opiod
Relieves pain, used for opiod addicts
Long 1/2 life