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90 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the generic name for Aspirin?
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Acetylsalicylic acid is the generic name for this
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ASPIRIN dosage varies depending on what? (2)
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age of client and condition being treated determines dosage of this med
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ASPIRIN When is the best time to administer?
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take this 30 minutes prior or 2 hours after a meal
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ASPIRIN: Contraindications History of hypersensitivity to _____, or other _____, ___ _____, _____ _____.
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salicylates, NSAIDs, GI bleeding, bleeding disorders are contraindications for this med
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ASPIRIN: Contraindications Who shouldn't take it? (4)
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children younger than 12 y/o, children or teens w/ chicken pox or flu-like symptoms, during 3rd trimester, lactating shouldn't take this
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ASPIRIN: Contraindications Don't take with these medical conditions: 4
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vitamin K deficiency, peptic ulcer disease, anemia, renal or hepatic dysfunction are contraindications for this med
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ASPIRIN: Significant drug interactions Increased bleeding with ______ and _______
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anticoagulants, alcohol are significant drug interactions with this med
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ASPIRIN: Significant drug interactions Increased GI bleeding when taken concurrently with _______
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corticosteroids
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ASPIRIN: Side effects What increases? (3)
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prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), bleeding time
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ASPIRIN Assess for ... (x2)
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allergy to salicylates and hepatotoxicity
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Six rights
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right medication right dose right client right route right time right documentation
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What are three conditions to use OPIOIDS cautiously?
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hepatic and renal disease, and pregnancy
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Do not use OPIOIDS with these conditions. (6)
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acute bronchial asthma or upper airway obstruction, increased intracranial pressure, convulsive disorders, pancreatitis, acute ulcerative colitis, severe liver or kidney insufficiency
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OPIOIDS: Significant Drug Interactions These drugs can increase CNS depression (5)
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barbiturates, other narcotics, hypnotics, antipsychotics, or alcohol
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With OPIOIDS, what do the main drug interactions cause in the body?
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Increased CNS depression
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OPIOIDS: side effects (12)
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Nausea and vomiting, anorexia or loss of appetite, sedation, CONSTIPATION, GI cramps, urinary retention, oliguria, pruritis, light-headedness, dizziness
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OPIOIDS: adverse effects/toxicity (4)
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Respiratory depression, respiratory arrest, circulatory depression, increased intracranial pressure
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OPIOIDS Assess what 5 things?
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pain, respiration, CNS changes, allergy, slower biotransformation in older adults
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OPIOIDS Assess pain for ___, ___, and ___. When? With what?
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type, intensity, location. Before administration. Pain scale
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OPIOIDS Assess respiration for ___, ___, and ___. When do you withhold?
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rate, depth, rhythm. if less than 12 breaths per minute
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OPIOIDS CNS changes, assess for what? (x5)
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LOC, dizziness, drowsiness, hallucinations, and pupil size
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OPIOIDS: Pt education Avoid what two substances?
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alcohol and other CNS depressants
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OPIOIDS: Pt education Do not take ______ ______ without approval by prescriber.
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Over-the-counter medications
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OPIOIDS: Pt education Avoid _____, _____, _____, or other activities without assistance until drug response is known
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ambulation, smoking, driving
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OPIOIDS: Pt education Report any _____ changes, _____ reactions, _____ of _____
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CNS changes, allergic reactions, shortness of breath
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OPIOIDS: Pt education Long-term use can lead to what?
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withdrawal symptoms
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What are typical withdrawal symptoms with OPIOIDS? (6)
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nausea, vomiting, cramps, fever, faintness, anorexia
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OPIOIDS: Pt education All 5
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avoid alcohol and other CNS depressants; do not take OTC meds w/o approval; avoid ambulation, smoking, driving, other activities until drug response known; report CNS changes, allergy, SOB; can lead to withdrawal
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Name two OPIOID ANTAGONISTS
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naloxone (Narcan) naltrexone (ReVia)
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OPIOID ANTAGONISTS Used to reverse _______ _______ induced by _______ of ________, _______, _______
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respiratory depression, overdose (of) opioids, pentazocine, propoxyphene
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OPIOID ANTAGONISTS side effect
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reversal of analgesia
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OPIOID ANTAGONISTS Nursing considerations evaluate what three things?
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evaluate therapeutic response, LOC, and need for reversal of respiratory depression
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OPIOID ANTAGONISTS Nursing considerations assess what two things?
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assess respiratory function (rate, rhythm) and LOC
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How is Reye's syndrome characterized?
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encephalopthy and fatty liver degeneration
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What are symptoms of hepatotoxicity? (x6)
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dark urine, clay-colored stools, yellowing of skin & scelra, itching, fever, diarrhea
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Acetaminophen usual dose? max dose?
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325-600 mg q4-6h PO or PR 4 grams
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Acetaminophen GI adverse effect
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hepatotoxicity
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Acetaminophen Toxicity (x11)
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cyanosis, anemia, neutropenia, jaundice, pancytopenia, CNS stimulation, delirium followed by vascular collapse, convulsions, coma, and death
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Acetaminophen Assess for ... (x3)
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liver function tests, chronic poisoning, hepatotoxicity
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Antidote for acetaminophen
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acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)
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NSAIDs Assess what (x2)
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Ear and eye problems
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NSAIDs Client education Report problems with eyes and ears (x3)
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blurred vision, ringing, roaring in ears (may indicate toxicity)
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NSAIDs Client education Report changes in . . . (x6)
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urine pattern, increased weight, edema, increased pain in joints, fever, blood in urine (indicating nephrotoxicity)
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Black cohosh What does it act like?
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estrogen
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Black cohosh Primary uses (x2)
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treatment of PMS and post-menopausal symptoms
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Black cohosh other uses (x2)
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promotes labor of pregnancy and decreases blood pressure
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Black cohosh When to use in pregnancy?
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only when birth is imminent to promote labor
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Echinacea Most common use
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prevention or reduction of symptoms of cold/flu
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Echinacea Secondary use (x2)
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boost immune system and increase body's resistance to infection
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Echinacea Increases body's resistance to infection, particularly _____ _____ and _____ infection
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upper respiratory, urinary
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Ginger Principle uses (x4)
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antiemetic, improve appetite, treatment of motion sickness, vertigo (Herbal)
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Saw palmetto Helps initiate
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urine stream, it helps initiate
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Saw palmetto Uses: decreases (x4)
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urinary frequency, residual volumes, nocturia, dysuria
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Valerian Uses x2
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sedative, insomnia
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Two examples of FLOUROQUINOLONES are _____ (_____) and _____ (_____)
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Two examples of _____ are LEVOFLOXACIN (LEVAQUIN) and CIPROFLOXACIN (CIPRO)
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The FLOUROQUINOLONE, Levaquin taken orally is _____ _____ with food
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The _____, Levaquin taken orally is BETTER TOLERATED with food
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LEVAQUIN: Use cautiously in clients with _____ _____ including those with advanced _____, _____, _____ or _____ women; those with history of _____
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_____: Use cautiously in clients with RENAL DYSFUNCTION including those with advanced AGE, CHILDREN, PREGNANT or LACTATING women; those with history of SEIZURES
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LEVAQUIN, Significant drug interactions: _____ _____, _____, _____ preparations, and _____ reduce ABSORPTION
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_____, Significant drug interactions: ORAL ANTACIDS, IRON, ZINC preparations, and SUCRALFATE reduce _____
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LEVAQUIN, Significant drug interactions: _____ _____ _____ may occur with _____ _____ because the antibiotic alters intestinal flora and interferes with vitamin K synthesis
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_____, Significant drug interactions: INCREASED BLEEDING RISK may occur with ORAL ANTICOAGULANTS because the antibiotic alters intestinal flora and interferes with vitamin K synthesis
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LEVAQUIN, significant food interactions: Limit _____ foods that can alter pH of stomach and absorption, including _____ _____, _____, and _____
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_____, significant food interactions: Limit ALKALINE foods that can alter pH of stomach and absorption, including DAIRY PRODUCTS, VEGETABLES, and LEGUMES
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LEVAQUIN may cause photosensitivity: teach client to avoid ____ ____, _____ _____, and _____ _____
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_____ may cause photosensitivity: teach client to avoid ULTRAVIOLET LIGHTS, TANNING BEDS, and DIRECT SUNLIGHT
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AMINOGLYCOSIDE example:
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Gentamicin, example of:
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GENTAMICIN, use
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bactericidal
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GENTAMICIN, contraindicate with: x3
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This drug is contraindicated with pre-existing renal disease, co-contaminant use w/ other renal toxins, and anti-coagulants
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GENTAMICIN, _____ _____ are monitored to assess _____ _____
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_____, BUN/creatinine are monitored to assess RENAL FUNCTION
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GENTAMICIN, if _____ level rises # to # _____ into treatment, it indicates renal damage has occurred
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_____, if CREATININE level rises 3 to 4 DAYS into treatment, it indicates renal damage has occurred
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Renal toxic agents: x4
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_____ toxic agents: Aminoglycosides (eg. Gentamicin), furosemide (Lasix), vancomycin (Vancocin), amphotericin B
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Ototoxic drugs: x5
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_____ drugs: Aminoglycosides (eg. Gentamicin), furosemide (Lasix), vancomycin (Vancocin), amphotericin B, certain neoplastic agents
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GENTAMICIN, side effects/toxicity: x3
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_____, side effects/toxicity: nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, superinfections
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NEPHROTOXICITY: signs include x2
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Signs include: urinary casts and proteinuria
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Ototoxicity: signs include x5
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_____: signs include dizziness, light-headedness, tinnitus, fullness in ears, and hearing loss
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Gentamicin, nursing considerations and pt. teaching: x4
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_____, nursing considerations and pt. teaching: maintain hydration, nutrition, keep pre-mixed meds in fridge, monitor for signs of superinfection
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Gentamicin, teach client to eat _____ _____, _____ meals with high quality _____.
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_____, teach client to eat SMALL FREQUENT, NUTRITIOUS meals with high quality PROTEIN.
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Cephalosporins, regarding laboratory studies, if _____ _____ prolonged, give _____ ______ ___ (_____) as prescribed
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_____, regarding laboratory studies, if PROTHROMBIN TIME prolonged, give EXOGENOUS VITAMIN K (PHYTONADIONE) as prescribed
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If ERYTHROMYCIN form has bitter taste, give with _____ or _____
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If _____ form has bitter taste, give with JUICE or APPLESAUCE
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Invanz, assess allergies to _____, ______, and the _____ _____ _____
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_____, assess allergies to PENICILLINS, CEPHALOSPORINS, and the AMIDE LOCAL ANESTHETICS
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Invanz, monitor for: x4
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_____, monitor for NEUROTOXICITY, NEPHROTOXICITY, HEPATOTOXICITY, TRANSIENT HEARING LOSS
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TETRACYCLINES, 2 examples
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VIBRAMYCIN, DOXYCYCLINE
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TETRACYCLINES, used for _____
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_____, used for ACNE
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TETRACYCLINES, contraindicated in during last half of _____, from _____ to _____ y/o, and in _____ women.
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_____, contraindicated in during last half of PREGNANCY from BIRTH to 8 y/o, and in LACTATING women.
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TETRACYCLINES, adverse effects: x4
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_____, adverse effects: DISCOLORATION OF DEVELOPING TEETH, SUPERINFECTION, SEVERE H/A, DIZZINESS
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TETRACYCLINES, pt teaching: x3
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_____, pt teaching: store in cool/dark place, take on empty stomach, take care for photosensitivity
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_____ (VALTREX)
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valacyclovir (_____)
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VALTREX, admin. considerations: x2
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_____, admin. considerations: hydrate (2,000 to 3,000 mL /day), wear gloves
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_____ is an important drug for use against HERPES
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VALTREX is an important drug for use against _____
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Why is Amphotericin B useful in patients with AIDS?
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This is the med of choice against Histoplasmosis.
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AMPHOTERICIN B, drug toxicity or hypersensitivity include: x7
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_____, drug toxicity or hypersensitivity include:
fever, chills, shaking, piloerection (goosebumps), headace, anorexia, nausea/vomiting |
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AMPHOTERICIN B, two adverse reactions:
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ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity with this antifungal
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What herbal is safe during pregnancy?
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Ginger is safe to take during _____.
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Principle use of St. John's Wort?
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Treatment of mild to moderate depression (HERBAL)
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