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138 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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bethanechol
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direct-acting
parasympathomimetic resistent to Cholinesterases |
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carbachol
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direct-acting
parasympathomimetic resistent to Cholinesterases |
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pilocarpine
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direct-acting
parasympathomimetic resistent to Cholinesterases enters CNS |
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edrophonium
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indirect-acting parasympathomimetic (Anticholinesterase - blocks hydrolysis)
reversible inhibitor quaternary alcohol strx |
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neostigmine
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indirect-acting parasympathomimetic (Anticholinesterase - blocks hydrolysis)
reversible inhibitor carbamate ester strx |
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physostigmine
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indirect-acting parasympathomimetic (Anticholinesterase - blocks hydrolysis)
reversible inhibitor carbamate ester strx enters CNS: *Tx for atropine toxicity* |
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isofluorophate
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indirect-acting parasympathomimetic (Anticholinesterase)
Irreversible inhibitor |
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atropine
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parasympatholytic (muscarinic blocker)
enters CNS (can cause toxicity) |
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tropicamide
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parasympatholytic (muscarinic blocker)
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epinephrine
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direct-acting, non-selective sympathomimetic
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norepinephrine
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direct-acting, non-selective sympathomimetic
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phenylephrine
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sympathomimetic
direct-acting, selective α1 agonist |
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clonidine
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sympathomimetic
direct-acting, selective α2 agonist centrally acting |
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dopamine/dobutamine
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sympathomimetic
direct-acting, selective β1 agonist |
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albuterol
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sympathomimetic
direct-acting, selective β2 agonist used in asthma |
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pseudephedrine
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indirect-acting sympathomimetic (stimulates release of NE)
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amphetamine
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indirect-acting sympathomimetic (stimulates release of NE & reuptake inhibitor of NE/dopamine)
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Cocaine
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indirect-acting sympathomimetic (reuptake inhibitor)
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phentolamine
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sympatholytic
non-selective α blocker |
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prazosin
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sympatholytic
selective α1 blocker peripherally acting |
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propranolol
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sympatholytic
non-selective β blocker |
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timolol
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sympatholytic
non-selective β blocker decreases IOP and AH production |
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metoprolol
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sympatholytic
selective β1 blocker |
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quinidine
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anti-arrhythmia
Na+ channel blocker decreases excitability @ ectopic site |
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lidocaine
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anti-arrhythmia, anesthetic
Na+ channel blocker |
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amiodarone
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anti-arrhythmia
K+ channel blocker slows repolarization, increases refractory period and decreases abnormal automaticity |
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sotalol
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anti-arrhythmia
K+ channel blocker slows repolarization, increases refractory period and decreases abnormal automaticity |
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verapamil
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anti-arrythmia, anti-HTN
Ca2+ channel blocker decrease intracellular Ca2+, decreases contracton, SA rate and AV conduction |
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diltiazem
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anti-arrythmia, anti-HTN
Ca2+ channel blocker decrease intracellular Ca2+, decreases contracton, SA rate and AV conduction |
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thiazides
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heart failure
diuretic fx at DCT, decreases K+ |
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furosemide
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heart failure
loop diuretic decreases K+ |
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captopril
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heart failure
ACE inhibitor |
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losartan
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heart failure
AT-II receptor type 1 blocker |
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digoxin
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heart failure
Na+/K+/ATPase blocker weak + inotrope - increases intracellular Na+ and Ca2+ = increased contractility |
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hydralazine
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heart failure
vasodilator (increases NO) |
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nitrates
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anti angina
vasodilators |
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sildenafil
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erectile dysfunction
inhibits PDE-5 causing increased [cGMP] and increase in blood flow to corpus cavernosa |
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Iron (ferrous sulphate)
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anemia
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folic acid
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anemia
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Vitamin B12
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anemia
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erythropoietin
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anemia
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cholestyramine
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anti-hyperlipidemia
Resin binds to/prevents reabsorption of bile acids |
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lovastatin
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anti-hyperlipidemia
inhibits hepatic synthesis of cholesterol via inhibition of HMG-Co-A Reductase |
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simvastatin
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anti-hyperlipidemia
inhibits hepatic synthesis of cholesterol via inhibition of HMG-Co-A Reductase |
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niacin
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anti-hyperlipidemia
VLDL secretion inhibitor |
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gemfibrozil
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anti-hyperlipidemia
stimulates lipoprotein lipase decreases VLDL and increases HDL |
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fenofibrate
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anti-hyperlipidemia
stimulates lipoprotein lipase decreases VLDL and increases HDL |
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ezetimibe
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anti-hyperlipidemia
inhibits intestinal sterol absorption (targets NPC1L1) |
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vitamin K
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hemorrhagic disease
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factor VIII, factor IX(?)
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hemorrhagic disease
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desmopressin acetate
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hemorrhagic disease
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aminocaproic acid
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hemorrhagic disease
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tranexamic acid
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hemorrhagic disease
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heparin
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thromboembolic disease
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dicoumarol
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thromboembolic disease
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warfarin
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thromboembolic disease
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aspirin
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thromboembolic disease, NSAID
↓ COX-1 and COX-2 = ↓ PG and TXA2 |
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ticlopidine
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thromboembolic disease
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streptokinase
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thromboembolic disease
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alteplase
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thromboembolic disease
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anistreplase
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thromboembolic disease
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donepezil
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aetylcholinesterase inhibitor
prolongs ACh used in Alzheimer Disease |
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levodopa
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dopamine agonist
used in Parkinson Disease |
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selegiline
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selective inhibitor of monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B metabolizes dopamine)
used in Parkinson Disease |
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benztropine
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muscarinic antagonist/parasympatholytic
decreases ACh overactivity used in Parkinson Disease |
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chlorpromazine
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anti-psychotic
typical neuroleptic α receptor blockade: decreases serotonin, blocks D2?? I think |
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haloperidol
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anti-psychotic
typical neurolptic α receptor blockade: decreases serotonin, blocks D2 |
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clozapine
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anti-psychotic
atypical neuroleptic α receptor blockade: decreases serotonin, blocks D4 and D2 |
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imipramine
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non-selective, tricyclic antidepressant also used for micturation
-antimuscarinic -antihistaminic -anti-α |
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buproprion
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non-selective, tricyclic antidepressant
-anti-α |
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fluoxetine
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anti-depressant
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor |
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phenelzine
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anti-depressant
monoamine oxidase inhibitor |
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lithium
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used in Bipolar Disorder to stabilize mood
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diazepam
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anxiolytic, anti-epileptic
enhances GABA neurotransmission (increases frequency of opening of GABA mediated Cl- channel) - requires GABA for effect |
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pentobarbitol
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anxiolytic, anti-epileptic
enhances GABA neurotransmission (increases duration of opening of GABA mediated Cl- channel) - at high doses will work even without the presence of GABA |
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phenytoin
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anti-epileptic
Na+ channel blocker |
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carbamazepine
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anti-epileptic
Na+ channel blocker |
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valproic acid
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anti-epileptic
inhibits GABA transaminases |
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morphine
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opioid
less lipid soluble (no BBB) but enters placenta |
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codeine
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opioid that enters CNS and placenta
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dextromethorphan
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opioid
cough suppressant no addictive properties |
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oxycodone
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opioid - semisynthetic derivative of morphine
+ ASA = Percodan + Acetaminophin = Percocet Mod/severe pain |
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fentanyl
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synthetic opioid agnoist
used for profound pain 100X more analgesia than morphine used as epidural |
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meperidine
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synthetic opioid agonist
short acting, 1/10 as potent as morphine |
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naloxone
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opioid antagonist - binds to opioid receptor (high affinity for Mu rec) and prevents narcotic vinding
used to tx opioid induced respiratory depression |
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loperamide
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opioid with limited access to brain
Used as anti-diarrheal decreases GI motility and secretions |
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diphenoxylate
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opioid + atropine (decreases abuse)
used as anti-diarrheal decreases GI motility and secretions |
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prednisone
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short-acting steroidal anti-inflammatory
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triamcinolone
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intermediate-acting steroidal anti-inflammatory
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dexamethosone
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long-acting steroidal anti-inflammatory
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celecoxib
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COX-2 selective NSAID
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acetaminophen
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anti-pyretic, analgesic
unknown mechanism of ↓PG in CNS |
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antihistamines
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allergies
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salmeterol
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long-acting β2 agonist
used in asthma/COPD |
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ipratropium
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muscarinic antagonist, inhibits vagal induced bronchoconstriction
used in chronic tx of asthma |
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aminophylline
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methylxanthine (tea?)
bronchodilator increases cAMP causing bronchodilation used in asthma |
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cromolyn
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unclear mechanism - prevent release of granular contents
used in antigen and exercise-induced asthma |
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echinacea
saw palmetto St. John's Wort ginkgo |
botanicals
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melatonin
glucosamine coenzyme Q10 |
nutraceutical
|
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meclizine
diphenhydramine |
H1 antagnoist
anti-emetic |
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prochlorperazine
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D2 antagonist
anti-emetic |
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metaclopramide
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D2 antagonist
anti-emetic/prokinetic |
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hyoscine
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anticholinergic
anti-emetic |
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aprepitant
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NK-1 antagonist
anti-emetic |
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ondansetron
granisetron |
5HT3 antagonist
anti-emetic |
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domperidone
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D2 antagonist
prokinetic |
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erythromycin
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macrolide antibiotic used as a pro kinetic (motilin agonist)
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pancrelipase
sulfasalazine ursodiol |
misc GI drugs
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aluminum hydroxide
magnesium hydroxide calcium carbonate sodium carbonate |
acid-peptic
antacids |
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cimetidine
famotidine ranitidine nizatidine |
acid-peptic
H2 blockers |
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misoprostol
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acid-peptic
prostaglandin analogues |
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omeprazole
lansoprazole |
acid-peptic
proton pump inhibitors |
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sucrasulfate
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acid-peptic
cytoprotectant |
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castor oil
senna aloe |
laxatives
irritant/stimulants |
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lactulose
sorbitol MgO |
laxatives
osmotic |
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methylcellulose
psyllium seed |
simple bulk laxatives
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mineral oil
docusate glycerin |
emollient laxatives
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kaolin/pectin
bismuth subsalicylate |
antidiarrheals (adsorbents)
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diphenoxylate
loperamide |
antidiarrheal opioids
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eplerenone
triamterone amiloride |
K+ sparing diuretics
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chlorothiazide
hydrochlorothiazide |
thiazide diuretics
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mannitol
urea glycerin |
osmotic diuretics
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furosemide
torsemide |
loop diuretics
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doxazosin
|
α antagonist (α1?) for micturation
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oxybutinin
solifenacin tolterodine |
cholinergic antagonists for micturation
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oxytocin
desmopressin vasopressin atosiban (oxytocin antagonist) |
posterior pituitary
|
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teriparatide (parathyroid hormone)
calcitonin calcitrol (vit D) raloxifene risedronate |
bone mineral homeostasis
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lispro
aspart regular |
short/rapid acting insulin
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NPH
lente |
intermediate acting insulin
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ultralente
glargine |
long acting insulin
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glucagon
exenatide |
antidiabetic
|
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glyburide
glipizide |
sulfonylureas
insulin secretagogues |
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repaglinide
|
meglitinide
insulin secretagogue |
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acarbose
|
α-glucosidase inhibitor
|
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pioglitazone
|
thiazolidinedione
insulin sensitizer |
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metformin
|
biguanide
insulin sensitizer |
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levothyroxine (T4)
liothyroxine (T3) iodine liotrix (T4/T3) |
used in hypothyroidism
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radioactive iodine
KI methimazole propylthiouracil iodinated contrast media propranolol, diltiazem |
used in hyperthyroidism
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