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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Opiods and Alpha2 Agonist are used to induce vomiting via action on the ______ _______.
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Vomiting Center
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True or False: Opiods should not be used to induce emesis in Cats.
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FALSE. Opiods shouldn't be used to induce emesis in Pigs.
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What types of drugs are used for LOCAL control of Emesis and what's an example of each one?
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Protectants-- Sucralfate
Antacids-- Ranitidine Antibloat Compounds |
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What 5 Neurotransmitters contribute to vomiting?
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Dopamine
ACh Histamine Serotonin (5-HT3) Neurokinin (NK-1) |
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What classes of NS drugs act to control emesis? Examples??
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Antidopaminergic-- Metoclopramide, Acepromazine
Anticholinergic-- Atropine Antihistamine-- Acepromazine Serotonin Antagonist NK-1 Receptor Antagonist |
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True or False: Dexamethasone is an Antiemetic/Appetite Stimulant.
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TRUE
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True or False: Diazepam is an appetite stimulant in cats especially.
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TRUE
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What are 2 types of Antacids?
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OH salts of Al, Ca, and Mg
H2 receptor antagonists |
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Disadvantages of OH Salt Antacids?
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Multiple daily doses needed
Constipation or Diarrhea-Inducing |
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How does sucralfate protect mucous membranes?
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Binds to GIT lining
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How does Misoprostol protect mucous membranes? And when is it specifically used?
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Misoprostol is Prostaglandin E, which increases mucous production in the gastric mucous membranes for protection against gastric acid. It's used for the treatment of NSAID induced ulcers.
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What is Omeprazole and when it is used?
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Proton Pump Inhibitor used to Control Gastric Acid Secretion and for Ulcer Treatment, especially in the equine.
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True or False: Omeprazole is relatively efficacious and safe.
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TRUE
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True or False: Atropine increases Gastric Secretions and Gut Motility.
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DOUBLE FALSE
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True or False: Agents used for weight loss have very little systemic drug absorption.
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TRUE
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Dymanics of Weight Loss Agents
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Work on enzymes of Small Intestine that process and release fat into the blood.
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Adverse Effects of Weight Loss Agents
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Soft Stool
Diarrhea Liver Damage |
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Name 2 Parapsympathomimetics that are used to increased GI Transport
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Pilocarpine
Neostigmine |
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What is pilocarpine?
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Parasympathomimetic and Cholingergic Agonist
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What is neostigmine?
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Parasympathomimetic and Cholinesterase Inhibitor
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Which parasympathomimetic can be used to treat Megacolon and GE Reflux? Why?
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Metaclopramide-- prokinetic that may be a D2 receptor antagonist--> Increase ACh release --> Increase gut motility
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What are the 3 mechanisms for laxatives?
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Volume Increase
Lubricant/Surfactant Irritant |
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What is Polyethylene Glycol?
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Laxative that increases Volume and activates mechanoreceptors
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Adverse Effects of Lubricant Laxatives?
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Usually oils--> Decrease Vit A and D absorption, Leaky bowel
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Adverse Effects of Irritant Laxatives
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Cramping
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Why is Atropine used as an Antimotility Drug?
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It's a parasympatholytic that acts to slow gut motility.
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When are Opiods contraindicated?
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Ileus
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True or False: Opiods are used as emetics and antimotility agents.
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TRUE
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What agents are used to control Fluid Secretion and help treat Diarrhea?
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Absorbants/Protectants
Bismuth Subsalicylate |
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True or False: The advantage of Bismuth is it can be dosed at long intervals.
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FALSE-- Bismuth requires frequent dosing.
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True or False: NSAIDs act like a carrier to carry Bismuth to the lower GI.
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FALSE-- Bismuth acts as a carrier to carry NSAIDs to the lower GI.
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What classes of drugs can be used to control GI inflammation and pain? Examples??
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Opiod analgesics (morphine, codeine, butorphanol)
Alpha 2 Agonist (xylazine) NSAIDs (asprin, phenylbutazone) Steroid/Immunosuppressive Antinflammatories (Prednisone, Dexamethasone) Antispasmodics |
