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107 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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BISMUTH (PEPTO-BISMOL)
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ANTIMICROBIAL THERAPY
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METRONIDAZOLE (FLAGYL)
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ANTIMICROBIAL THERAPY
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TETRACYCLINE (ACHROMYCIN V)
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ANTIMICROBIAL THERAPY
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CIMETIDINE (TAGAMET)
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ANTI-SECRETORY AGENT
H2 RECEPTOR BLOCKER |
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RANITIDINE (ZANTAC)
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ANTI-SECRETORY AGENT
H2 RECEPTOR BLOCKER |
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FAMOTIDINE (PEPCID)
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ANTI-SECRETORY AGENT
H2 RECEPTOR BLOCKER |
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NIZATADINE (AXID)
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ANTI-SECRETORY AGENT
H2 RECEPTOR BLOCKER |
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OMEPRAZOLE (PRILOSEC)
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ANTI-SECRETORY AGENT
PROTON PUMP INHIBITOR |
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LANSOPRAZOLE (PREVACID)
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ANTI-SECRETORY AGENT
PROTON PUMP INHIBITOR |
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RABEPRAZOLE (ACIPHEX)
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ANTI-SECRETORY AGENT
PROTON PUMP INHIBITOR |
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PANTOPRAZOLE (PROTONIX)
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ANTI-SECRETORY AGENT
PROTON PUMP INHIBITOR |
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ESOMEPRAZOLE (NEXIUM)
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ANTI-SECRETORY AGENT
PROTON PUMP INHIBITOR |
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PIRENZEPINE (GASTROZEPINE)
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ANTI-SECRETORY AGENT
MUSCARINIC ANTAGONIST |
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MISOPROSTOL (CYTOTEC)
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ANTI-SECRETORY AGENT
PROSTAGLANDIN E1 ANALOGUE (SELDOM USED BECAUSE OF ADVERSE EFFECTS AND MINIMAL BENEFITS) |
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CALCIUM CARBONATE (TUMS)
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ANTACID
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ALUMINUM HYDROXIDE
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ANTACID
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MAGNESIUM HYDROXIDE (MILK OF MAGNESIA)
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ANTACID
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SUCRALFATE (CARAFATE)
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MUCOSAL PROTECTIVE AGENT
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OTHER THAN BEING AN ANTIMICROBIAL THERAPY, WHAT IS BISMUTH ALSO USED AS?
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MUCOSAL PROTECTIVE AGENT
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METOCLOPRAMIDE (REGLAN)
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PROKINETIC AGENT
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CISAPRIDE (PROPULSID)
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PROKINETIC AGENT
(WITHDRAWN FROM U.S. MARKET DUE TO FATAL DISRHYTHMIAS) |
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LOPERAMIDE (IMODIUM)
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ANTIDIARRHEAL AGENT
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DIPHENOXYLATE (LOMOTIL)
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ANTIDIARRHEAL AGENT
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WHAT IS THE MECHANISM OF ACTION FOR SEROTONIN ANTAGONISTS
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BLOCKS SEROTONIN RECEPTORS ON VAGAL AFFERENTS AND IN THE CTZ.
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WHAT IS THE MECHANISM OF ACTION FOR SUBSTANCE P/NEUROKININ ANTAGONISTS?
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BLOCKS RECEPTORS FOR SUBSTANCE P/NEUROKININ IN THE BRAIN.
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WHAT IS THE MECHANISM OF ACTION FOR DOPAMINE ANTAGONISTS?
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BLOCKS DOPAMINE RECEPTORS IN THE CTZ.
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WHAT IS THE MECHANISM OF ACTION FOR ANTICHOLINERGICS?
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BLOCKS MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS IN THE PATHWAY FROM THE INNER EAR TO THE VOMITING CENTER.
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WHAT IS THE MECHANISM OF ACTION FOR ANTIHISTAMINES?
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BLOCKS H1 RECEPTORS AND MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS IN THE PATHWAY FROM THE INNER EAR TO THE VOMITING CENTER.
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WHAT IS THE MECHANISM OF ACTION FOR GLUCOCORTICOIDS?
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UNKNOWN
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WHAT IS THE MECHANISM OF ACTION FOR CANNABINOIDS?
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UNKNOWN
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SEROTONIN ANTAGONISTS, SUBSTANCE P/NEUROKININ ANTAGONISTS, DOPAMINE ANTAGONISTS, ANTICHOLINERGICS, ANTIHISTAMINES, GLUCOCORTICOIDS, AND CANNABINOIDS ARE ALL ...?
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ANTI-EMETIC DRUGS
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METHYLCELLULOSE (CITRUCEL)
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BULK FORMING LAXATIVE
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PSYLLIUM (METAMUCIL)
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BULK FORMING LAXATIVE
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WHAT IS THE MECHANISM OF ACTION FOR BULK FORMING LAXATIVES?
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ABSORB WATER, THEREBY SOFTENING AND ENLARGING THE FECAL MASS; FECAL SWELLING PROMOTES PERISTALSIS
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DOCUSATE SODIUM (COLACE)
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SURFACTANT LAXATIVE
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WHAT IS THE MECHANISM OF ACTION FOR SURFACTANT LAXATIVES?
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SURFACTANT ACTION SOFTENS STOOL BY FACILITATING PENETRATION OF WATER; ALSO CAUSES SECRETION OF WATER AND ELECTROLYTES INTO INTESTINE
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BISACODYL (FEEN-A-MINT, DULCOLAX)
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STIMULANT LAXATIVE
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SENNA (EX-LAX)
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STIMULANT LAXATIVE
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WHAT IS THE MECHANISM OF ACTION FOR STIMULANT LAXATIVES?
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STIMULATES PERISTALSIS
SOFTENS FECES BY INCREASING SECRETION OF WATER AND ELECTROLYTES INTO THE INTESTINE AND DECREASING WATER AND ELECTROLYTE ABSORPTION |
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MAGNESIUM HYDROXIDE (PHILLIPS' MILK OF MAGNESIA)
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OSMOTIC LAXATIVE
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WHAT IS THE MECHANISM OF ACTION FOR OSMOTIC LAXATIVES?
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OSMOTIC ACTION RETAINS WATER AND THEREBY SOFTENS FECES; FECAL SWELLING PROMOTES PERISTALSIS
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MINERAL OIL
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MISC. LAXATIVE
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WHAT IS THE MECHANISM OF ACTION OF MINERAL OIL AS A LAXATIVE?
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LUBRICATES AND REDUCES WATER ABSORPTION
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INSULIN LISPRO (HUMALOG)
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SHORT DURATION: (RAPID ACTING)
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INSULIN ASPART (NOVOLOG)
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SHORT DURATION: (RAPID ACTING)
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INSULIN GLULISINE (APIDRA)
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SHORT DURATION: (RAPID ACTING)
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REGULAR INSULIN (HUMULIN R., EXUBERA)
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SHORT DURATION: (SLOWER ACTING)
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NPH INSULIN (HUMULIN N)
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INTERMEDIATE DURATION
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INSULIN DETEMIR (LEVIMIR)
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INTERMEDIATE DURATION
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INSULIN GLARGINE (LANTUS)
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LONG DURATION
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WHAT IS THE MECHANISM OF ACTION FOR INSULINS?
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INSULIN BINDS TO TYROSINE KINASE RECEPTORS ON CELL MEMBRANES; IT DOES NOT ENTER THE NUCLEUS.
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WHAT ARE THE ADVERSE EFFECTS OF INSULINS?
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HYPOGLYCEMIA
LIPODYSTROPHY (A CHANGE IN THE FATTY TISSUE SURROUNDING THE INJECTION SITE) |
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HOW DO THE INSULINS DIFFER?
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THEY DIFFER IN THEIR ONSET OF ACTION AND DURATION OF ACTION.
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WHAT TYPE OF INSULIN SHOULD BE GIVEN DURING A HYPERGLYCEMIC EMERGENCY? WHY?
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REGULAR. BECAUSE IT CAN BE GIVEN INTRAVENOUSLY.
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CHLORPROPAMIDE (DIABINESE)
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SULFONYLUREAS
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TOLBUTAMIDE (ORINASE)
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SULFONYLUREAS
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GLYBURIDE (MICRONASE)
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SULFONYLUREAS
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GLIPIZIDE (GLUCOTROL)
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SULFONYLUREAS
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GLIMEPIRIDE (AMARYL)
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SULFONYLUREAS
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WHAT IS THE MECHANISM OF ACTION FOR SULFONYLUREAS?
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STIMULATE THE RELEASE OF ENDOGENOUS INSULIN FROM BETA CELLS OF THE PANCREAS, AND INCREASE BINDING OF INSULIN TO TARGET TISSUES RECEPTORS.
BLOCK ATP-SENSATIVE K+ CHANNELS>>DEPOLARIZATION>RELEASE OF INSULIN |
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WHAT ARE THE ADVERSE EFFECTS OF SULFONYLUREAS?
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AGRANULOCYTOSIS (RARE)
DISULFIRAM-LIKE REACTION IF TAKEN WITH ETHANOL (CHLORPROPAMIDE) |
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WHAT ARE THE CONTRAINDICATIONS FOR SULFONYLUREAS?
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LIVER OR RENAL INSUFFICIENCY
PREGNANCY |
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SULFONYLUREAS POTENTIATES THE EFFECTS OF OF....?
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ASPIRIN
MAOI'S ETHANOL SULFONAMIDES |
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SULFONYLUREAS REDUCE THE EFFECTS OF ....?
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PHENOBARBITAL
BETA-BLOCKERS LOOP AND THIAZIDE DIURETICS |
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SULFONYLUREAS ARE PRESCRIBED TO...?
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TYPE II DIABETICS
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REPAGLINIDE (PRANDIN)
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MEGLITINIDES
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NATEGLINIDE (STARLIX)
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MEGLITINIDES
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WHAT IS THE MECHANISM OF ACTION FOR MEGLITINIDES?
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STIMULATES THE RELEASE OF INSULIN FROM PANCREATIC BETA CELLS (SIMILAR IN ACTION TO SULFONYLUREAS BUT QUICKER ONSET OF ACTION)
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MEGLITINIDES ARE PRESCRIBED TO...?
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TYPE II DIABETICS
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WHAT ARE THE ADVERSE EFFECTS OF MEGLITINIDES?
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HYPOGLYCEMIA
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REPAGLINIDE CAN CAUSE SEVERE HYPOGLYCEMIA IN PATIENTS TAKING...?
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GEMFIBROZIL (LOWER FATS)
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METFORMIN (GLUCOPHAGE)
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BIGUANIDES
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WHAT IS THE MECHANISM OF ACTION FOR BIGUANIDES?
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DECREASES HEPATIC GLUCOSE PRODUCTION AND INTESTINAL GLUCOSE ABSORPTION, AND INCREASES PERIPHERAL GLUCOSE UPTAKE; IMPROVES INSULIN SENSITIVITY.
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BIGUANIDES ARE PRESCRIBED TO...?
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TYPE II DIABETICS
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WHAT ARE THE ADVERSE EFFECTS OF BIGUANIDES?
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LACTIC ACIDOSIS
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ACARBOSE (PRECOSE)
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ALPHA-GLUCOSIDASE INHIBITORS
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MIGLITOL (GLYSET)
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ALPHA-GLUCOSIDASE INHIBITORS
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WHAT IS THE MECHANISM OF ACTION FOR ALPHA-GLUCOSIDASE INHIBITORS?
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DELAYS THE ABSORPTION OF GLUCOSE FROM THE GI TRACT. THE ADVANTAGE OF THIS DRUG IS THAT IT DOES NOT CAUSE A REACTIVE HYPOGLYCEMIA.
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ALPHA-GLUCOSIDASE INHIBITORS ARE PRESCRIBED TO...?
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TYPE II DIABETICS
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WHAT ARE THE ADVERSE EFFECTS OF ALPHA-GLUCOSIDASE INHIBITORS?
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GI DISTRESS (ABDOMINAL PAIN, DIARRHEA)
LIVER DISFUNCTION (HIGH DOSE FOR LONG PERIOD OF TIME) |
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ROSIGLITAZONE (AVANDIA)
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THIAZOLIDINIDIONES
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PIOGLITAZONE (ACTOS)
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THIAZOLIDINIDIONES
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WHAT IS THE MECHANISM OF ACTION FOR THIAZOLIDINIDIONES?
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IMPROVE TARGET CELL RESPONSE TO INSULIN BY BINDING TO NUCLEAR RECEPTORS THAT REGULATE THE TRANSCRIPTION OF A NUMBER OF INSULIN-RESPONSIVE GENES. THEY ARE DEPENDENT UPON INSULIN FOR ACTIVITY.
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THIAZOLIDINIDIONES ARE PRESCRIBED TO...?
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TYPE II DIABETICS
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WHAT ARE THE ADVERSE EFFECTS OF THIAZOLIDINIDIONES?
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HEPATOTOXICITY
HYPOGLYCEMIA (ONLY IF USED IN COMBINATION WITH OTHER ORAL HYPOGLYCEMIC) |
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THIAZOLIDINIDIONES AND GEMFIBROZIL
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GEMFIBROZIL INHIBITS THE METABOLISM OF THESE DRUGS HYPOGLYCEMIC RESPONSE
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*SYMPATHOMIMETIC AGENTS (BETA-2 ADRENERGIC AGONISTS)
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ANTI-ASTHMATIC DRUG
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*CORTICOSTEROIDS
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ANTI-ASTHMATIC DRUG
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*ANTICHOLINERGICS
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ANTI-ASTHMATIC DRUG
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*LEUKOTRIENE INHIBITORS
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ANTI-ASTHMATIC DRUG
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*METHYLXANTHINES-THEOPHYLLINE
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ANTI-ASTHMATIC DRUG
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*NONBRONCHODILATING ANTIALLERGIC DRUGS-CROMOLYN, NEDOCROMIL
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ANTI-ASTHMATIC DRUG
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WHAT IS ASTHMA?
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A CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASE OF THE TRACHEOBRONCHIAL AIRWAYS CHARACTERIZED BY AIRFLOW OBSTRUCTION AND HYPERACTIVITY TO A VARIETY OF STIMULI.
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WHAT CAUSES ASTHMA?
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1. INFLAMMATION OF THE BRONCHIAL WALL
2. CONSTRICTION OF THE BRONCHIOLAR SMOOTH MUSCLE 3. INCREASED MUCUS SECRETION |
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WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS OF ASTHMA?
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1.SHORTNESS OF BREATH
2. COUGHING 3. WHEEZING 4. USE OF ACCESSORY MUSCLES OF RESPIRATION 5. CHEST TIGHTNESS |
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WHAT ARE THE PRECIPITATING FACTORS FOR ASTHMA?
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ALLERGENS, INFECTIONS, AND PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS
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PRECIPITATING FACTOR: ALLERGENS
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INDUCE MAST CELL RELEASE OF INFLAMMATORY MEDIATORS, SUCH AS HISTAMINE, LEUKOTRIENES, AND CHEMOTACTIC FACTORS>>BRONCHIOLAR SPASM AND MUCOSAL THICKENING
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PRECIPITATING FACTOR: INFECTIONS
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VIRAL UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECCTIONS, ESPECIALLY IN CHILDREN
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PRECIPITATING FACTOR: PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS
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OFTEN NOT READILY RECOGNIZED
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ALBUTEROL (PROVENTIL)
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SYMPATHOMIMETIC DRUG
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METAPROTERENOL (ALUPENT)
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SYMPATHOMIMETIC DRUG
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PIRBUTEROL (MAXAIR)
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SYMPATHOMIMETIC DRUG
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TERBUTALINE (BRETHAIRE)
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SYMPATHOMIMETIC DRUG
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SALMETEROL (SEREVENT)
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SYMPATHOMIMETIC DRUG
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WHAT IS THE MECHANISM OF ACTION FOR SYMPATHOMIMETIC DRUGS?
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INCREASE INTRACELLULAR CONCENTRATIONS OF CYCLIC AMP>>RELAXATION OF BRONCHIAL SMOOTH MUSCLE>>BRONCHODILATION
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ROUTE OF ADMINISTRATION FOR SYMPATHOMIMETIC DRUGS?
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INHALATION -- MINIMIZES THEIR SYSTEMIC SIDE EFFECTS
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INDICATIONS FOR SYMPATHOMIMETIC DRUGS?
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DRUGS OF CHOICE FOR ACUTE RELIEF OF BRONCHOSPASMS
*SALMETEROL IS USED PROPHYLACTICALLY |
