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8 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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ACC/AHA stages of Heart Failure |
Stage 1 (A) - high risk for HF without symptoms of strucural heart disease 2 (B) - Some level of cardiac changes, e.g., decreased ejecton fraction without symptoms of HF 3 (C) - Stuctural heart disease with sytoms of HF. i.e., fatigue, shortness of breath, edema, and decrease in physical activity 4 (D) - Severe structural heart disease and marked symptoms of HF at rest
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Digitalis |
-began being used as early as 1200 AD -obtained from the purple and white foxglove plant, and can be poisionous. -Treats heart failure (HF) , cardiac failue (CF) |
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Congestive heart failure (CHF) |
-heart failure and cardiac failure. - when compensatory mechinisms fail and the peripheral and lung tissues are congested |
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Heart failure |
-When the heart muscle weakens and enlarges, it loses its ability to pump blood through the heart and into the systemic circulation. Also know as pump failure |
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Causes of heart failure |
chronic hypertension, myocardial infartion (MI), coronary artery disease (CAD), valvular heart disease, congenital heart disease, and arteriosclerosis.
-can be left sided or right sided.
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cardiac glycosides |
-found in a number of plants (including Digitalis) -inhibits the sodium-potassium pump, resulting in an increase in intracellular sodium. This increase leads to an influx of calcium, causing the cardiac muscle fibers to contract more effieciently. |
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Digitalis preparations have three effects on the heart |
1.) positive inotropic action (increases myocardial contraction stroke volume)
2.) negative chronotropic action (decreases heart rate)
3.) negative dromotropic action (decreases conduction of heart cells |
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Digoxin |
-does not prolong life. It acts by increasing the force and velocity of myocardial systolic contraction. |
