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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Digoxin + Digitoxin
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CLass: Ionotropic drugs
Indication: Heart failure, atrial flutter Action: inhibits Na/K ATPas, increase intracellular Ca, reduces HR S/E: anorexia, nausea, diarrhea, fatigue, visual disturbance, toxicity can cause arrythmias |
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Amrinone
Milirinone Flosequin |
Class: PDE inhibitor
Indication: IV for short term use Target: increase contractility, stroke volume, heart rate, etc Action: increase cAMP, contractility, vasodilation S/E: |
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Dobutamine
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Class: beta1 agonist
Use: acute tx of insufficient heart contractility, only for emergencies Action: increase heart contractility S/E: can cause vasoconstriction at high doses due to alpha1 C/I: renal impairment |
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Dopamine
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Used instead of dobutamine in pts with renal impairment
Use: acute tx of insufficient heart contractility, only for emergencies Action: increase heart contractility |
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Captopril
Enalapril Pentapril Acupril |
Indication: heart failure due to excess blood volume
Action: prevent vasoconstriction induced via Angiotensin II, reduce aldosterone to induce water loss and therefore decrease blood volume |
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Vasodilators
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decrease preload and afterload
S/E: slow conduction through AV node and prolong refreactory period |
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Variant Angina
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due to decrease in coronary blood flow
Rx: nifedipine |
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Exertional angina
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Exercise induced angina
Rx: Ca channel blockers |
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Unstable angina
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recurrent angina with minimal/no change in exertion
Tx: nimodipine (also treats cerebral spasms and SAH) |
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Nitroglycerin
Amylnitrate Isosorbide Dinatrate |
Use: angina
Target: produce NO (sm muscle relaxer) Action: increase blood flow by reducing work load and increase blood supply to coronary arteries S/E: tolerance, headaches, postural hypotension, dizziness |
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Veraparmil
Nifedipine Nicardipine Nimodipine |
Type: CCBs
Target: Ca VOC Action: decrease afterload, arteries more sensitive S/E: headaches, dizziness, postural hypotension |
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Propanolol
Nadolol Metaprolol Atenolol |
Type: beta blockers
Indication: angina, prophylaxis, increase exercise tolerance Action: slow down HR CI: not for acute attacks |
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Quinidine
Procainamide Lidocaine* Phenytoin |
Type: Na channel blockers
Use: antiarrythmics Class I Indication: both atrial and ventricular arrythmias Action: decrease depolarization rate *ventricular arrythmias |
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atenolol
metaprolol acebutol |
Type: cardioselective beta blockers
Use: antiarrythmic Class II |
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propanolol*
penbutolol timolol |
Type: noncardioselective beta blockers
Use: antiarrythmic class III Indication: tachycardia arrhythmias *most common |
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amiodarone
bretyllium sotalol |
Class III antiarrythmics
K channel blockers prolong action potential S/E: blocks beta-adrenergic receptors as well |
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Veraparmil
Nicadapin Nimodipine |
Ca Channel Blocker
Class IV antiarrythmic Indication: re-entrant circuit arrythmias, more effective against atrial S/E: vasodilation |
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Adenosine
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Indication: tachycardia
Target: decrease SA/AV node conduction |
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Magnesium sulfate
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Use: Varrythmias due to Mg deficiency
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Atropine
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Target: muscarinic antagonist
Action: tachycardia |
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Isoproternol
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Beta agonist
Use: bradycardia |
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Chlorathiazide
Hydrochlorothiazide Metolazone Chlorthialidone |
Class: Thiazides (diuretic)
Indication: primary HTN Target: -Na/Cl reabsorption in ascending loop of Henle and DCT Action: increase urine volume while decreasing blood volume S/E: hypokalemia |
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Furosemide
Bumetanide Muzalomine |
Type: Loop diuretics
Indication: pulmonary edema assoc with CHF, pt with low GFR Target: Cl reabsorption in ascending loop of Henle Action: increase urine production, decrease blood volume, highly potent, rapid S/E: hypokalemia, renal toxicity |
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Spironolactone
Amiloride Triameterne |
Type: K Sparing Diuretics
Indication: used with loop or thiazides Target: enhance Na secretion while retaining K Action: aldosterone antagonist S/E: hyperkalemia |
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Saralazsin (IV)
Losartan (oral) |
Type: Angiotensin antagonists
Action: angiotensin receptor antagonists |
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Monoxidil
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Type: vasodilators
Target: hyperpolarizes smooth muscle Action: vasodilation S/E: unwanted hair growth (rogaine) |
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Diazoxide
Nitroprusside |
Type: vasodilator
Indication: HTN emergency Action: unknown S/E: diazoxide (increase glucose release and decrease insulin release therefore causes hyperglycemia), nitroprusside (metabolized as cyanide, reflex tachycardia, beta blockers are also used) |
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prozosin
terazosin doxazosin phentolamine |
alpha-1 antagonist
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Reserpine
Guanethidine Guanadrel |
Type: catecholamine depletors
target: decrease vascular resistance, HR, and cardiac output Action: deplete Ach stores, PNS hyperactivity |
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Clonidine
Methyldopa Guanabenzene |
S/E: drowsiness, dry mouth
vasodilation Alpha-2 |
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Heparin
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Type: anticoagulant
Indication: IV/subcutaneous Target: activates antithrombin III S/E: reversed by protamine, hemorrhage (reversed with vit K supplements) CI: hemophilia |
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Warfarin
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Class: anticoagulant
Indic: oral anticoagulant of choice Action: interferes with factor II, VII, IX, X, XIII Action: Vit K antagonist S/A: hemorrhage (give Vit K) C/I: hemophilia |
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Dicumerol
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Class: anticoagulant
Target: factors Action: Vit K antagonist S/A: hemorrhage C/I: hemophilia |
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Aspirin
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Class: Antiplatelet
Indic: prevent blood clots Action: interferes with TxA2 |
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Dipyridamole
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Class: anticoagulant
Indic: prevent blood clots Target: uknown action: antagonist of platelet adhesion |
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Sulfinpyrazone
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Class: anticoagulant
Indic: prevent blood clots Target: adhesion receptors on platelet surface action: synthetic monoclonal antibody |
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Streptokinase
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Class: thrombolytics
Indication: thrombolytics don't prevent thrombosis Target: activate plasminogen Action: fungal extract |
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ASPAC (plasminogen + antistreplase)
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Class: thrombolytics
Indication: thrombolytics don't prevent thrombosis Target: activate plasminogen |
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Urokinase
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Class: thrombolytics
Indication: thrombolytics don't prevent thrombosis Target: activate plasminogen |
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t-PA
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Class: thrombolytics
Indication: thrombolytics don't prevent thrombosis Target: activate plasminogen |
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Colestipol
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Class: Lipid lowering drug
Indic: high blood lipids Target: prevent emulsification Action: resins that bind bile salts in SI S/A: diarrhea |
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Cholestyramine
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Class: lipid lowering
Indic: high blood lipids Target: prevent emulsification Action: resins that bind bile salts in SI S/A: diarrhea |
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Lovastatin
Pravastatin Fluvastatin Simvastatin |
CLass: lipid lowering
Indic: hypercholesterolemia Target: HMG reductase Action: inhibit HMG reductase (produces cholesterol from precursor in liver) Most popular |
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Gemfibroril
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CLass: lipid lowering
Indic: hypercholesterolemia Target: inhibit syn of VLDL Action: mech unknown |
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Probucol
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CLass: lipid lowering
Indic: hypercholesterolemia Target: cholesterol excretion Action: LDL degredation |
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Folic Acid
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used for anemia only when in clear need (ie pregnancy)
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Iron sulfate
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used to treat iron deficiency anemia
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Cryoprecipitate VIII
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Hemophilia A
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Cryoprecipitate IX
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Hemophilia B (Christmas Disease)
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