Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
311 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Drug metabolism results in (A&B)
|
An oxidized compound/ A more water soluble compound
|
|
|
TRUE of plasma protein binding drugs
|
Albumin is most prevalent plasma protein for drug binding
|
|
|
Mechanisms for passage of most drugs through biological membranes
|
Simple diffusion (high to low conc.)
|
|
|
Components of drug oxidizing electron transport system EXCEPT
|
Glucuronic acid
|
|
|
Route of drug admin. With fastest onset
|
IV
|
|
|
Of routes listed below, slowest onset time of action
|
Swallowing
|
|
|
P-450 drug metabolizing enzyme complex is
|
Found in smooth ER or hepatic cell
|
|
|
Which of following plasma proteins has greatest ability to bind drugs
|
Albumin
|
|
|
Urinary elimination of drugs controlled by
|
ALL of above (Glom filtration/ tubular reabsorption/ active transport)
|
|
|
Avg onset time for drug after S.C. admin
|
15mins
|
|
|
Most important enzyme systems for biotransformation of drugs found mostly in
|
Liver
|
|
|
Physicochemical properties of drugs that influence their passage across cell membranes
|
ALL of above (lipid solubility/ degree ionization/ molecular size-shape)
|
|
|
Which route of drug admin most known for FIRST PASS metabolism
|
Oral
|
|
|
TRUE statement which describes drug efficacy
|
Degree of max intensity of drug effect
|
|
|
Best describe drug potency
|
Best describe drug potency
|
|
|
Best describes notation CYP1A2
|
Indicates subfamily of P-450 enzymes
|
|
|
Antacids can interfere w/ absorption of which?
|
Doxycycline (low dose = periostat)
|
|
|
Valium not give simultaneously with
|
Alcohol
|
|
|
Pt. is taking phenobarb; you prescribe pain meds metabolized by P-450. Compared to pt. not taking phenobarb, you would expect
|
DECR in drug duration of action
|
|
|
Pt. taking sedating antihistamine for allergy. Which drug could you use in tx plan?
|
Articaine (Septocaine)
|
|
|
Theophylline pt requires abx therapy. Which could be safely used
|
Amoxicillin
|
|
|
Your pt. requiring doxycycline (periostat) therapy takes Tums as calcium source. Which is true
|
ALL TRUE (possible interaction/ INCR chance therapy failure of periostat/ OJ with fortified calcium could be used instead
|
|
|
Which of agents below inhibits enzyme cyclo-oxygenase
|
Flubiprofen (ansaid) / ibuprofen (Motrin)
|
|
|
Which of NSAIDs below used to tx. Arthritis also used to tx. Dental pain
|
Ibuprofen
|
|
|
Which of NSAIDs is selective COX-2 inhibitor
|
Celecoxib (Celebrex)
|
|
|
Which of NSAIDs below is also avail in combo w/ hydrocodone and known as Vicoprofen
|
Ibuprofen (Motrin)
|
|
|
Many of NSAIDs are derivs of which acid listed below
|
Phenylpropionic
|
|
|
Many NSAIDs may cause internal bleeding when admin w/ what drug
|
Oral anticoagulants
|
|
|
Ibuprofen may interact w/ what drug or drug group to result in confusion, slurred speech, tremors
|
LIthium
|
|
|
Most common AE reported by pts taking ibuprofen
|
Nausea
|
|
|
Pt taking following meds. Which used to tx signs/symp of rheumatoid arthritis
|
Piroxicam (Feldene)/ Prednisone
|
|
|
Which NSAID selective for COX-2
|
Celecoxib (Celebrex)
|
|
|
Hypersensitivity rxn due to acetaminophen are rare
|
TRUE
|
|
|
Acetaminophen is rx drug when used in combo w/ narcotic agent
|
TRUE
|
|
|
Most serious AE by acetaminophen is GI (nausea)
|
FALSE (it’s hepatotoxicity)
|
|
|
Both aspirin and acetaminophen affect blood clotting time
|
FALSE (not acetaminophen)
|
|
|
Pharm actions of acetaminophen include anti-thrombotic effect
|
FALSE
|
|
|
Aspirin is NSAID
|
TRUE
|
|
|
Acetaminophen is inhibitor of cyclooxygenase
|
TRUE (but only in CNS)
|
|
|
Max suggested dose of acetaminophen is up to 3g daily
|
FALSE (max dose is 4g daily)
|
|
|
Which category drugs does NOT affect blood clotting
|
Opiate analgesics
|
|
|
Which of the following agents has little value in tx. Acute inflamm?
|
Acetaminophen
|
|
|
Pt w/ history of drug abuse, which given with no liability-addiction
|
Ibuprofen
|
|
|
Incidence of aspirin allergy in general pop is 2:1000 individuals
|
TRUE
|
|
|
Which drug exerts analgesic effect through opiate receptor agonism?
|
NONE OF ABOVE (not carbamazepine/ nortriptyline/ pregabalin)
|
|
|
Which drug has dental use for burning mouth syndrome
|
Nortriptyline
|
|
|
Which non-opiate analgesic drug has dental use tx. Trigeminal neuralgia
|
Carbamazepine (Tegretol)
|
|
|
Which drug has mech. action binding to alpha 2-delta subunit of voltage gated channels?
|
Pregabalin (Lyrica)
|
|
|
Opiate receptor when stimulated causes resp. depression
|
Mu
|
|
|
Can displace morphine from mu opiate receptor
|
Naloxone
|
|
|
Opiate compound is chem derivative of codeine
|
Hydrocodone
|
|
|
Opiate is found naturally in poppy
|
Codeine
|
|
|
Methoxy derivative of morphine
|
Codeine
|
|
|
Dose of codeine every 4-6h for dental pain
|
30-60mg
|
|
|
Dose hydrocodone every 4-6h for dental pain
|
5mg
|
|
|
Most common side effect codeine
|
Nausea
|
|
|
Following dental narcotic is schedule II
|
Meperidine
|
|
|
Which analgesic may interact w/ warfarin to cause bleeding
|
Ibuprofen and Aspirin (A&E)
|
|
|
Which are AE of oxycodone (oxycontin)
|
Nausea & constipation (A&B)
|
|
|
Why does nitrous have such rapid onset time
|
LOW solubility in blood
|
|
|
Which gen anesthetic below used IV
|
Propofol (Diprivan)
|
|
|
Best describes definition MAC
|
Min conc. to prevent response to pain in 50% subjects
|
|
|
Condition in patient that could preclude use of nitrous
|
Emphysema
|
|
|
Mechanism of inhalant anesthetics (B&C)
|
Dissolve in axonal membranes to diminish action potentials/ act to enhance GABA actions
|
|
|
Halogenated hydrocarbon used as maint. Anesthetic
|
Halothane
|
|
|
All are GABAmimetic agents EXCEPT
|
Ketamine
|
|
|
Agent works by antagonizing dopamine
|
Droperidol (Inapsine)
|
|
|
Agent works by mu receptor interaction
|
Alfentanil (Alfenta)
|
|
|
Agent works by antagonizing cholinergic receptor
|
Glycopyrrolate (Robinul)
|
|
|
Agent used to prevent vomiting during anesthetic recovery
|
Droperidol (Inapsine)
|
|
|
Agent can be antagonized by naloxone
|
Alfentanil (Alfenta)
|
|
|
Inhalation agent NOT considered gen. anesthetic
|
Nitrous oxide
|
|
|
Agent antagonizes NMDA receptor to cause catatonia and dysphoria
|
Ketamine
|
|
|
Agent used tin anesthetic regimen to reverse actions of midazolam (versed)
|
Flumazenil (Romazicon)
|
|
|
Which drug is sedative given by IV
|
Fentanyl
|
|
|
For which condition is nitrous contraindicated
|
COPD
|
|
|
Chronic exposure to low levels nitrous by female
|
Spont abortion
|
|
|
When used as sedative gas, nitrous always given as mixture with what
|
Oxygen
|
|
|
IV sedative is a barbiturate
|
Methohexital (Brevital)
|
|
|
IV sedative is benzodiazepine
|
Midazolam (versed)
|
|
|
IV sedative is opiate derivative
|
Fentanyl
|
|
|
IV agent is antagonist at NMDA receptor
|
Ketamine
|
|
|
A hypersensitivity reaction caused by local anesthetics (LA) is asthmatic wheezing
|
TRUE
|
|
|
It is the protonated form of the LA molecule which easily penetrates the nerve membrane to gain access inside the nerve
|
FALSE
|
|
|
LAs block pain at the nerve site by preventing the influx of sodium into the nerve
|
TRUE
|
|
|
LAs block pain at the nerve site by preventing a nerve action potential along the axon
|
TRUE
|
|
|
Ester-type LAs are rapidly metabolized in the liver
|
FALSE
|
|
|
Ester-type LAs have a chemical linkage which contains an amino group
|
FALSE
|
|
|
LAs block pain at the nerve site by preventing the influx of potassium into the nerve
|
FALSE
|
|
|
In general, the amide-type LAs have a longer duration of action than the ester-type LAs
|
TRUE
|
|
|
In general, LAs are more effective in inflammed and infected tissue
|
FALSE
|
|
|
The low pH at an infection site affects the anesthetizing actions of LA
|
TRUE
|
|
|
Drowsiness is a sign of LA toxicity
|
FALSE
|
|
|
Nausea is a sign of LA hypersensitivity reaction
|
FALSE
|
|
|
Dental use of Oraqix is as an injection near nerve trunks to produce nerve block
|
FALSE
|
|
|
Hypertension is a sign of LA toxicity.
|
FALSE
|
|
|
Which component of LA solution causes allergy
|
Bisulfites
|
|
|
Tetracaine LA is metabolized where
|
Plasma
|
|
|
List three reasons why epi in LA
|
Hemostasis/ keep anesthetic around longer/ delay absorption into systemic circulation = less toxicity
|
|
|
he amide type LAs are metabolized in
|
Liver
|
|
|
hich statement best describes mech action LA on nerve axon
|
DECR Na uptake through Na channels of axon
|
|
|
Which chemical form of LA readily penetrate tissue membrane
|
ONIONIZED free base form
|
|
|
LA depress which fibers first
|
Small unmyelinated
|
|
|
LA less effective in inflamed tissue b/c
|
pH DECR = less avail free base
|
|
|
Calculate LA For 1% solution
|
1000mg/100ml = Xmg/1.8ml
|
|
|
Calculate vasoconstrictor For 1:100,000
|
1000mg/ 100,000mg = Xmg/1.8ml Then cross multiply: 100,000X=1800 (X=0.018
|
|
|
1.8ml – 2% lidocaine = X mg lidocaine
|
36mg
|
|
|
1.8ml – 3% mepivacaine = X mg mepivacaine
|
54mg
|
|
|
1.8ml – 1:100k epi vasoconstrictor = X mg epi
|
0.018
|
|
|
Duration anesthesia by lido 2% w/ epi 1:100k after infiltration is
|
60min
|
|
|
Pregnancy risk factor of lidocaine is
|
Risk factor C
|
|
|
Lido w/ epi avoided in patients w/
|
Uncontrolled hyperthyroidism
|
|
|
Lido w/ epi given in min. amounts to patients w/
|
Significant cardio problems
|
|
|
This drug could interact w/ vasoconstrictor to result in hypertension
|
Amitriptyline (Elavil)
|
|
|
Duration anesthesia mepivacaine 3% w/out vaso after infiltration is
|
20min
|
|
|
Duration anesthesia bupivacaine 0.5% w/ epi 1:200k after IAN block is
|
5 hours
|
|
|
Duration prilocaine w/ epi after infiltration is
|
2.25 hours
|
|
|
Indicate AMIDE or ESTER
|
Two I’s in name = AMIDE, b. One I in name = Ester
|
|
|
Maximal recommended adult dose lido is 300mg. How many mL lido needed to be given to reach this level
|
15mL
|
|
|
A dental anesthetic carpule contains 1.8ml 2% solution Lido 1:100k epi. How much lido and epi in carpule
|
36mg/ 0.018mg
|
|
|
Max dose articaine (septo) expressed in mg/kg. What dose is max recommended for articaine in children/ adults
|
7mg/kg
|
|
|
Of amide-type LA’s which is only one metabolized in bloodstream vs liver
|
Articaine (septocaine)
|
|
|
Insulin action involves all of following EXCEPT
|
Stimulation of gluconeogenesis in liver cell
|
|
|
All of following true for sulfonylureas EXCEPT
|
Useful in tx. Type 1 diabetes
|
|
|
All following indicated for type 2 diabetes EXCEPT
|
Levothyroxine (synthroid)
|
|
|
This drug works by inhibiting GIT enzyme alpha-glucosidase
|
Acarbose (Precose)
|
|
|
Improves target cell response to insulin
|
Pioglitazone (Actos)
|
|
|
AE of levothyroxine essentially resemble symptoms of hyperthyroidism. Include all EXCEPT
|
Weight gain
|
|
|
Patients w/ hyperthyroid may exhibit sensitivity to which of following drugs often used in dentistry
|
Epinephrine
|
|
|
If pt. taking this drug, would have hx of hyperthyroidism
|
Propylthiouracil (Propacil)
|
|
|
This estrogen replacement drug assoc. w/ incr risk endometrial cancer
|
Conjugated estrogens (Premarin)
|
|
|
True for raloxifene EXCEPT
|
Assoc. with incr in risk of breast cancer
|
|
|
Actions of this drug is to inhibit dissolution hydroxyapatite crystals
|
Alendronate (Fosamax)
|
|
|
Addition of what drug to estrogen replacement regimen REDUCES incidence of endometrial hyperplasia caused by estrogen
|
Medroxyprogesterone
|
|
|
Two ingredients in combo birth control pills
|
Synthetic estrogen and synthetic progesterone
|
|
|
Mestranol is
|
Synthetic estrogen
|
|
|
Norethindrone is
|
Synthetic progesterone
|
|
|
Best explains mechanism of ovulatory inhibition of combo oral contraceptives
|
Inhibits both FSH/LH from pituitary
|
|
|
This increases risk CV effects from oral contraceptive use
|
Smoking
|
|
|
Benefits oral contraceptive use EXCEPT
|
Decr risk of osteoporosis
|
|
|
IV bisphosphonates used in CA pts having assoc. of ONJ
|
Palmindronate (Aredia)/ Zolendronate (Zometa)
|
|
|
Oral bisphosphonates used to prevent osteoporosis having assoc. w/ ONJ
|
Alendronate (Fosamax)/ residronate (Actonel)/ ibandronate (Boniva)
|
|
|
How is zolendroic acid (Reclast) used?
|
Annual 15min IV infusion prevent osteoporosis
|
|
|
Which statement correct for benzodiazepines (BDZs)
|
ALL BDZs have some sedative effects
|
|
|
All respond to tx. With BDZ's EXCEPT
|
Schizophrenia
|
|
|
Which is shorter acting benzo used mainly as hypnotic to overcome insomnia
|
triazolam (Halcion)
|
|
|
Which is correct
|
Phenobarbitol induces P-450
|
|
|
This sedative can be purchased w/out Rx
|
diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
|
|
|
This hypnotic NOT a benzo
|
zolpidem (Ambien)
|
|
|
This tranquilizer NOT affect GABA receptor
|
Buspirone (BuSpar)
|
|
|
Does not affect medullary respiratory centers
|
diazepam (Valium)
|
|
|
Non-barbiturate sedative-hypnotic used in dental practice
|
Chloral hydrate
|
|
|
Ranitidine (Zantac) and cimetidine (Tagamet) act as antagonists to what
|
H2 receptors
|
|
|
Which of following is known as prokinetic drug
|
metaclopramide (Reglan)
|
|
|
Which of following is abx used in triple therapy regimen for peptic ulcers
|
tetracylcine
|
|
|
Which of following is D2 antagonist used as prokinetic agent
|
metoclopramide (Reglan)
|
|
|
Which of following is most important approach to healing peptic ulcers
|
Eradicating H. pylori bacteria
|
|
|
Inhibits absorption of tetracyclines
|
Aluminum-containing antacids
|
|
|
Binds to mucosa to form physical barrier to HCL and pepsin
|
sucralfate (Carafate)
|
|
|
Of drugs, this affects many drugs by inhibiting liver metabolism through P450 microsomal system
|
cimetidine (Tagamet)
|
|
|
All correct for nitroglycerin EXCEPT
|
significantly decreases AV conduction
|
|
|
AE assoc. with nitroglycerin
|
Headache
|
|
|
This drug, to tx angina, causes gingival hyperplasia
|
Nifedipine
|
|
|
Classes of drugs used to prevent angina pectoris EXCEPT
|
cardiac glycosides
|
|
|
longer acting form of nitroglycerin
|
isosorbide dinitrate (Isordil)
|
|
|
Which is true statement relative to tolerance of nitroglycerin
|
can be restored through brief "nitrate-free" periods
|
|
|
This anti-anginal not used in patients w/ COPD
|
propanolol (Inderal)
|
|
|
Class I antiarrythmics are Na channel blockers w/in myocardial cell. Which of following is class I antiarrythmic drug?
|
Quinine
|
|
|
All of following mechanisms correctly match a drug EXCEPT
|
Procainamide (blocks K channels)
|
|
|
Which statement is incorrect?
|
Lidocaine used mainly for atrial arrythmias
|
|
|
This drug commonly used to tx atrial fib
|
propanolol (Inderal)
|
|
|
The mechanism of this drug is through inhibition of an enzyme known as hydroxy-methylglutaryl CoA reductase (HMG-CoA reductase)
|
Atorvastatin (Lipitor)
|
|
|
This drug, used to treat coronary artery disease blocks the beta adrenergic receptors in the heart
|
atenolol (Tenormin)
|
|
|
The mechanism of this drug is through inhibition of an enzyme known as angiotensin converting enzyme
|
Lisinopril (Prinivil)
|
|
|
This drug is useful in coronary artery disease patients to lower cholesterol blood levels
|
ezetimibe (Zetia)
|
|
|
Regarded as most widely used antihypertensive medications
|
Thiazide diuretics
|
|
|
Inhibits Na tubular reabsorption primarily w/in distal portion of nephron
|
Thiazide diuretics
|
|
|
If your pt were taking this drug, they would be taking loop diuretic
|
furosemide (Lasix)
|
|
|
This diuretic can cause hypokalemia to result in INCR thirst/dry mouth
|
furosemide (Lasix)
|
|
|
This diuretic does not require K supplementation
|
tramterene (Dyrenium)
|
|
|
Actions of this class of antihypertensives is mainly to reduce heart rate and cardiac output
|
angiotensin II receptor antagonists
|
|
|
Which is cardioselective beta adrenergic receptor blocker
|
atenolol (Tenormin)
|
|
|
This class of anti--hupertensives causes sex dysfunction/ bradycardia/ and lethargy
|
beta adrenergic receptor blockers
|
|
|
This drug prevents conversion of angiotensin I --> II
|
enalapril (Vasotec)
|
|
|
There is a high incidence of dry cough w/ this drug
|
enalapril (Vasotec)
|
|
|
This drug causes ging. Overgrowth
|
Nifedipine (Procardia)
|
|
|
This drug blocks inward movement of Ca through voltage sensitive channels in smooth mm cells
|
amlodipine (Norvasc)
|
|
|
This drug inhibits central adrenergic outflow
|
clonidine (Catapres)
|
|
|
This drug is more useful in tx. BPH that hypertension
|
terazosin (Hytrin)
|
|
|
A useful drug in treating congestive heart failure because it lowers the peripeheral resistance in the circulatory system
|
enalapril (Vasotec)
|
|
|
Overcomes weakened heart muscle to allow for more efficient pumping action
|
digitalis
|
|
|
Reduces overall fluid volume within the circulatory system
|
HCTZ (hydrochlorothiazide)
|
|
|
This drug lowers HR
|
metorpolol (Toproil XL)
|
|
|
This drug useful in preventing future Mis b/c DECR workload on heart muscle
|
atenolol (Tenormin)/ metoprolol (Toprol XL)
|
|
|
Which penicillin abx is active against salmonella, E. coli, shigella
|
ampicillin
|
|
|
Pen VK should be taken on empty stomach
|
TRUE
|
|
|
Which penicilling is useful in tx. Infections where penicillinase-secreting bacteria are suspected
|
cloxacillin
|
|
|
One mech of bacterial resistance to penicillin involves INCR in ______ _______ which remove abx from site of action before it can act
|
efflux pumps
|
|
|
Time to peak blood levels of amoxicillin after oral admin of capsules is
|
2 hours
|
|
|
This abx can DECR effectiveness of penicillin if both given simultaneously
|
tetracycline
|
|
|
Which penicillin type abx has antipseudomonal properties
|
piperacillin and tazobactam (Zosyn)
|
|
|
This is considered a member of penicillin abx family
|
tetracycline
|
|
|
Chemically this abx is a beta-lactam
|
Ticarcillin (Ticar)
|
|
|
The antibacterial mechanism of this antibiotic is through binding to one or more of the penicillin binding proteins (PBPs); which in turn inhibits the final transpeptidation step of peptidoglycan synthesis in bacterial cell walls, thus inhibiting cell wall synthesis
|
ALL ABOVE (aztreonam (Azactam), cefaclor (Ceclor), loracarbef (Lorabid), cephalexin (Keflex)
|
|
|
This antibiotic is classified as a first generation cephalosporin
|
cephalexin (Keflex)
|
|
|
This beta-lactam abx used for early-stage odontogenic infections
|
pen VK
|
|
|
A beta-lactamase stable abx
|
Clindamycin
|
|
|
All have bactericidal actions except
|
Z-pak (azithromycin)
|
|
|
Alcohol, in combo w/ this drug has caused disulfarim like rxn
|
metronidazole (Flagyl)
|
|
|
useful in pt. allergic to penicillin
|
Clindamycin
|
|
|
condition in which a pen-metronidazole combo useful
|
infection > 3 days
|
|
|
Z-pak (Azithromycin) useful in tx. Late stage odontogenic infections
|
TRUE
|
|
|
Which history below contraindicates use of clindamycin
|
pseudomembranous colitis
|
|
|
The incidence of population w/ allergy to penicillin is
|
10%
|
|
|
Least freq. type of allergic manifestation caused by penicillin is
|
anaphylaxis
|
|
|
Describes interaction between clarithromycin and Lipitor
|
INCR risk muscle pain/breakdown
|
|
|
The dose of amoxicillin for prohpy of IE in adult patients
|
2g
|
|
|
The dose of clindamycin for prophy of IE in adult patient
|
600mg
|
|
|
Cardiac condition requiring abx premed according to 2007 guidelines
|
artificial heart valves
|
|
|
Dose amoxicillin as standard prophy in pt w/ total joint replacement
|
2g
|
|
|
Dose clindamycin as alternative abx in pt w/ total joint replacement
|
600mg
|
|
|
This abx binds to 50s subunit of bacterial ribosomes to inhibit protein synthesis
|
clindamycin
|
|
|
All are members of tetracycline family EXCEPT
|
Z-pak (azithromycin)
|
|
|
This abx has been shown to DECR effectiveness of penicillin
|
tetracycline
|
|
|
All are macrolid abx EXCEPT
|
quinupristin/Dalfopristin (Synercid)
|
|
|
This abx cause hearing loss
|
tobramycin
|
|
|
This abx targets bacterial DNA gyrase
|
ALL ABOVE (levofloxacin (Levoquin), gatifloxacin (Tequin), gemifloxacin (Factive))
|
|
|
This abx is competitive inhibitor of para-amino benzoic acid (PABA)
|
NONE OF ABOVE
|
|
|
This abx is member of quinolone family
|
gatifloxacin (Tequin)
|
|
|
True for carbamazepine (Tegretol) as antiepileptic EXCEPT
|
assoc. w/ causing heart failure
|
|
|
True for phenytoin (Dilantin) as antiepileptic EXCEPT
|
NOT effective in tonic-clonic seizures
|
|
|
True for phenobarb as anti-epileptic EXCEPT
|
causes ging. Hyperplasia
|
|
|
Valproic acid (Depakene) is anti-epileptic agent of benzodiazepene family)
|
FALSE
|
|
|
This drug is benzodiazepene useful in tx epilepsy
|
clonazepam (Clonopin)
|
|
|
A selective-serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI).
|
fluoxetine (Prozac)
|
|
|
Dopamine/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
|
buproprion (wellbutrin)
|
|
|
Norepinephrine (and to lesser extent serotonin) reuptake inhibitor
|
Nortriptyline (Pamelor)
|
|
|
Serotonin/norepinephrine (dual action) reuptake inhibitor
|
Amitriptyline (Elavil)
|
|
|
A dental use for this antidepressant is in the management of neuropathic pain in TMD patients
|
Amitriptyline (Elavil)
|
|
|
A unique use for this antidepressant is as an adjunct for smoking cessation
|
buproprion (wellbutrin)
|
|
|
Which classification of antidepressants listed below has precautions advised with the use of vasoconstrictor
|
MAOIs such as tranylcypromine
|
|
|
Which antidepressant below is associated with causing the most significant dry mouth
|
Amitriptyline (Elavil)
|
|
|
Precaution with the use of vasoconstrictor is suggested wirth this antideptessants since the antidepressant elevates norepinephrine
|
duloxetine (Cymbalta)
|
|
|
This antihistamine works by inhibiting the release of histamine from basophils and mast cells
|
cromolyn (Intal/ Nasalcrom)
|
|
|
This antihistamine is an antagonist at the H1 histamine receptor and is non-sedating
|
ceritizine (Zyrtec)
|
|
|
When this histamine receptor is stimulated, bronchoconstriction results
|
H1
|
|
|
When this histamine receptor is stimulated, acid secretion in the stomach results
|
H2
|
|
|
The mechanism of this antihistamine is to antagonize the H1 receptor
|
ALL ABOVE (loratadine (Claritin), fexofenadine (Allegra), certirizine (Zyrtec), chlorpheniramine (Chlor-Trimeton))
|
|
|
This antihistamine causes sedation as a side effect
|
diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
|
|
|
One use of this antihistamine drug is as an inhalant used for prevention of exercise-induced bronchospasm
|
cromolyn (Intal/ Nasalcrom)
|
|
|
Your dental patient is undergoing chemotherapy to treat cancer. What is the expectant adverse effect of chemotherapy
|
hair loss/ vomiting
|
|
|
Which of the drugs below is an antineoplastic categorized as an alkylating agent
|
cisplatin
|
|
|
Which drug below would be taken by a breast cancer patient
|
tamoxifen (Nolvadex)
|
|
|
5-FU is used to treat the following cancers EXCEPT
|
non Hodgkins lymphoma
|
|
|
Which medication below is not an antineoplastic
|
acyclovir (Zovirax)
|
|
|
This tyrosine kinase inhibitor has been approved to treat advanced renal cell cancer
|
sunitinib (Sutent)
|
|
|
Which of the drugs below is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor
|
imatinib (Gleevec)
|
|
|
This tyrosine kinase inhibitor is used to treat refractory advanced or metastatic nonsmall-cell lung cancer and pancreatic cancer
|
Erlotinib (Tarceva)
|
|
|
Exemestane (Aromasin) has been approved to treat what cancer below
|
advanced breast cancer
|
|
|
Which antineoplastic agent below is an inhibitor of the enzyme known as steroidal aromatase
|
Letrozole (Femara)
|
|
|
A monoclonal antibody used to treat metastatic colorectal cancer
|
Cetuximab (Erbitux)
|
|
|
Immunosuppressant used to treat atopic dermatitis
|
Pimecrolimus (Elidel)
|
|
|
This drug is taken orally to help in the prevention of an asthmatic attack
|
theophylline
|
|
|
The antiasthmatic is a corticosteroid
|
triamcinolone (Azmacort)
|
|
|
This drug is an beta-adrenergic receptor agonist
|
albuterol (Proventil)
|
|
|
This drug is representative of the antihistamine-type of drugs used as inhalants to treat asthma
|
ipratropium (Intal)
|
|
|
Frequent use of this agent can cause localized infection with Candida albicans in the oral cavity
|
beclomethasone (Beconase, Vancenase)
|
|
|
This bronchodilator is administered by inhalation
|
albuterol (Proventil)
|
|
|
This drug works by blocking the synthesis of leukotrienes
|
montelukast (Singulair)
|
|
|
Best describes the actions of theophylline
|
maintains airway dilation by inhibiting adenosine
|
|
|
This drug is a popular agent used to promote expectoration of excess fluid from the respiratory system
|
guaifenisen
|
|
|
This agent is a non-narcotic anti-tussive that is found in many over-the-counter drugs
|
dextromethorphan
|
|
|
The drug known as guaifenesin is usually available in combination with a decongestant agent. Which of the drugs below is a decongestant
|
pseudophedrine (Sudafed)
|
|
|
This decongestant comes in the form of a nasal spray.
|
oxymetazoline (Afrin)
|
|
|
Guaifenesin is avalilable in combination with hydrocodone. Hydrocodone as what
|
an anti-tussive
|
|
|
If your patient had a history of schizophrenia, they might be taking which of the following drugs
|
risperidone (Risperdal)
|
|
|
Which of the following drugs blocks dopamine (D2) receptors
|
chlorpromazine (CPZ)
|
|
|
All the following drugs are used to treat psychoses EXCEPT
|
nitrous oxide
|
|
|
Which phrase describes the “extrapyramidal syndrome
|
spasms of facial muscles
|
|
|
Which phrase best describes “tardive dyskinesias”
|
involuntary movement of face muscles
|
|
|
What particular cardiovascular effect does chlorpromazine (CPZ) cause in approximately 10% of people
|
orthostatic hypotension
|
|
|
This drug is considered a prototypical antipsychotic agent
|
haloperidol (Haldol)/ chlorpromazine (CPZ)
|
|
|
This antipsychotic is a member of the phenothiazine family
|
thioridazine (Mellaril)
|
|
|
The following drug would be expected to increase bleeding
|
Clopidogrel (Plavix)
|
|
|
Which of the following is an anticoagulant
|
ALL ABOVE (Enoxaparin (Lovenox)/ Warfarin (Coumadin)/ Heparin)
|
|
|
The effect of this drug is measured as INR values
|
Warfarin (Coumadin)
|
|
|
Precursor substance from which corticosteroids are synthesized in the adrenal gland
|
cholesterol
|
|
|
Long term use corticosteroids suppresses production of adrenal corticosteroids
|
TRUE
|
|
|
AE of long term steroid use EXCEPT
|
Renal failure
|
|
|
Mechanism of corticosteroids is to reduce production of leukotrienes and prostaglandins
|
TRUE
|
|
|
Methylprednisone (Medrol) tablets are used to treat erosive lichen planus and major apthae
|
TRUE
|
|
|
This drug would be appropriate to cause xerostomia in patients to produce a dry oral cavity
|
propantheline (Probanthine)
|
|
|
This drug stimulates both alpha and beta autonomic nervous system receptors
|
epinephrine
|
|
|
This drug is a beta adrenergic receptor blocker at the beta type 1 receptor but not beta type 2 receptor
|
atenolol (Tenormin)
|
|
|
This drug is a beta receptor agonist used to manage asthma
|
albuterol (Proventil)
|
|
|
This drug belongs to the class of “nonselective” beta blocking agents
|
propanolol (Inderal)
|
|
|
This drug belongs to the class of antimuscarinic drugs
|
propantheline (Probanthine)
|
|
|
This top 50 drug is an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor
|
Atorvastatin (Lipitor)
|
|
|
This top 50 drug is a hydrogen ion pump (proton pump) inhibitor
|
esomeprazole (Nexium)
|
|
|
This top 50 drug is an ACE inhibitor (angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor)
|
Lisinopril (Prinivil)
|
|
|
This top 50 drug is a non-benzodiazepine hypnotic
|
zolpidem (Ambien)
|
|
|
This top 50 drug is a leukotriene receptor antagonist
|
montelukast (Singulair)
|
|
|
Articaine is 4% solution with epi 1:100k (T/F)
|
TRUE
|
|
|
Articaine is also available w/out vasoconstrictor (T/F)
|
FALSE
|
|
|
Articaine is classifed as an ester-type LA (T/F)
|
FALSE
|
|
|
Articaine molecule contains amide linkage similar to Lidocaine (T/F)
|
TRUE
|
|
|
Metabolite articainic acid has NO anesthetic properties (T/F)
|
TRUE
|
|
|
Each carpule articaine has 36mg anesthetic (T/F)
|
FALSE
|
|
|
Liver metabolizes 90% articaine (T/F)
|
FALSE
|
|
|
According to Haas Canadian study, incidence of articaine induced paresthesia is 2:1 million injections (T/F)
|
TRUE
|
|
|
According to Malamed study, incidence of articaine-induced paresthesia is significantly different from lidocaine (T/F)
|
FALSE
|
