Pharmacology Drugs Of Abuse

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DSM-IV Criteria for Dependence

Back 1

Three or more of the following: Tolerance, withdrawal, taking more than intended, persistant desire, use even when you know it is a problem

Front 2

DSM-IV criteria for Abuse?

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1 or more of following: Recurrent use resulting in , failure of roles, physical hazards, legal problems, continued use even with problems

Front 3

Theory behind dependence and abuse as a disease?

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Related to release of DA in mesolimbic projections, with chronic use you get neuroadaptions

Front 4

Cocaine pharmacokinetics?

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Rapid absorption and short acting, acute ffects last 30 min

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Cocaine MOA?

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Blocks nerve conduction, vasoconstricter, blocks uptake of 5-HT, DA, NE by blocking transporter

Front 6

Cocaine dependence?

Back 6

Due to DA release in VTA-NA

Front 7

Cocaines patterns of abuse?

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Bnge and crash, taken IV using salt and smoked as a base

Front 8

Cocaine Effects?

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Euphoria arousal, sympathomimetic, tolerance and sensitization can occur

Front 9

Cocaine Toxicity

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Hyperactivity, symp activation, death from MI, Stroke, Arrhythmias, seizures

Front 10

Cocaine Withdrawal?

Back 10

Time limited, anxiety, agitation, fatigue, peaks at 2-4 days

Front 11

Treatment for cocaine?

Back 11

Toxicity: propranolol, diazepam
Withdrawal: Detox
Phsychiatry

Front 12

Medical uses of amphetamines?

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Obesity, narcalepsy, ADHD

Front 13

Pharmacokinetics of amphetamines?

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oral, intranasal, smoked of IV, Action is 4-6 hrs,

Front 14

Cocaine plus Alcohol?

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Cocaethyline, potentiates effects of cocaine

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Patterns of abuse of amphetamines?

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Smoked and IV similar to cocaine, perscription to study

Front 16

Amphetamines MOA?

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Blocks Monoamine transporter and also causes release of monoamines

Front 17

Amphetamines Effects?

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Arousal euphoria, well-being, tacchycardia, hypertension, bronchodilation

Front 18

Amphetamines Toxicity?

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Same as cocaine, Death via hyperpyrexia, MI, nerve degeneration

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Amphetamines Withdrawal?

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Like cocaine, fatigue, depression, time limited

Front 20

Ecstacy

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(MDMA), amphetamine effects and hallucinatory efects(mescaline),

Front 21

MDMA MOA?

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involves DA and 5-HT,

Front 22

MDMA intoxication?

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Emotional closeness, empathy, mild hallucination, 5-HT neurotoxicity

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Morphine and codeine derived from?

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Opium, they are opioids

Front 24

Heroine, hydromorphone derived from?
Fentanyl?

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semi-synthetic opiods
Synthetic

Front 25

Oxycontin?

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Symbolized dramatic increase in abuse of pain meds

Front 26

Opioid medical uses?

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Pain, cough suppression, anti-diarrheal

Front 27

Pharmacokinetics of Heroin?

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Metabolized to morphine

Front 28

Opioid MOA?

Back 28

Mu, kappa and delta receptors

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Opioid patterns of abuse?

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Oral, SubQ, Smoking, snorting, IV, tolerance and dependence, effects last 3-5 hrs, withdrawal in 10 hrs

Front 30

Effects of heroin?

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euphoria, relaxation, pschomotor relaxation, miosis, respiratory depression

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Heroin Toxicity?

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Miosis, respiratory depression, bradycardia, hypotension, pulminary edema

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Heroin Withdrawal?

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Not medically complicted

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Heroin withdrawal symptoms?

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Anxiety, dysphoria, vomiting, diarrhea, sweating, mydriasis

Front 34

Nalaxone?

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Opioid antagonist, For treatment of overdose, short half life

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Nalmefene?

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Opioid antagonist, For treatment of overdose

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Methadone?

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Dose tapering regimen for detox, also used as substitution therapy

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Buprenorphine?

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Partial Mu agonist, can be prescibed by doctor

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Clonidine in Opioid withdrawal?

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Alpha2 agonist, blocks autonomic hyperactivity in withdrawal

Front 39

Naltrexone?

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Opioid antagonist with long half life, poor compliance, used to prevent relapse

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Dronabinol, uses?

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THC preparation, NV from chemo, Glaucoma, wasting related to AIDS

Front 41

THC MOA?

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THC activates cannabinoid receptors, CB1 in brain, G-protein linked,

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Endocannabinoid?

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Anandamide

Front 43

THC patterns of abuse?

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Smoked(2-4 hr duration), oral(6-8 hr duration)

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THC effects?

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Sense of well being, friendliness, tacchycardia, conjunctival injection(red), Dry mouth, hypothermia

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THC toxicity?

Back 45

Panic, Delerium, psychosis
Long term: amotivational,
Tolerance but dependence is debatable