Pharmacology Chp 2

Front 1

Six rights of drug administration

Back 1

Right drug
Right patient
Right dose
Right time
Right route
Right of documentation

Front 2

The nurse

Back 2

Is the patient's last line of defense against medication errors

Front 3

It is ethically and legally

Back 3

Unacceptable for the nurse to administer a drug that is harmful to the patient.

Front 4

Two major area where to apply pharmacology knowledge

Back 4

Are patient care and patient education.

Front 5

Seven aspects of drug therapy in patient care

Back 5

Pre-administration assessment
Dosage and administration
Evaluation and promoting therapeutic effects
Minimizing adverse effects
Minimizing adverse interactions
Making PRN decision
Managing toxicity

Front 6

Preadministation assessment has three basic goals

Back 6

-Collecting baseline data needed to evaluate therapeutic and adverse responses
-identifying high-risk patients
- assessing the patient's capacity for self-care

Front 7

Dosage and administration basic guide lines that help

Back 7

- read the medication order carefully unclear order must be verified
- verify pt identity by comparing the order or administration record with the wristband
- read the medication label carefully ( for quantity , route, and drug)
- verify dosage calculations
- implement any special handling the drug may require
- do not administer any drug if we don't understand the reason for its use.

Front 8

Evaluating therapeutic response : In order to make an evaluation

Back 8

you must know the rationale for treatment and nature and time course of the intended response

Front 9

Promoting patient adherence

Back 9

Known as a compliance or concordance ( extend to which a patient's behavior coincides with medical advice.)

Front 10

Implementing no drug measures

Back 10

Done through pat education or by coordinating the activities of other healthcare providers ( ex: breathing exercises , biofeedback, weight reduction, physical therapy, sodium restriction, etc...)

Front 11

To minimize adverse effects

Back 11

The nurse must know
- the major adverse effects the drug can produce
- when these reactions are likely to occur
- early signs that an adverse reaction is developing
- interventions that can minimized disco fort and harm.

Front 12

PRN ( pro re nata = as needed or as the occasion arise)

Back 12

Are common for drugs that promote
- sleep
- pain relieve
- reduce anxiety

Front 13

Managing toxicity

Back 13

Know the early signs of toxicity and procedure for toxicity management.

Front 14

Application of pharmacology in patient education

Back 14

Give the patient the following information:
-drug name and therapeutic category
- dosage size
-dosing schedule
- route and technique of administration
- expected therapeutic response and when it should develop
- nondrug measures to enhance therapeutic responses
-duration of treatment
- method of drug storage
- symptoms of major adverse effects, and measures to minimize discomfort and harm
- major adverse drug-drug and drug-food interaction
- whom to contact in the event of therapeutic failure, severe adverse reactions, or severe adverse interaction.

Front 15

The application of patient education is grouped in 4 majors categories

Back 15

1- dosage and administration
2- promoting therapeutic effect
3- minimizing adverse effects
4- minimizing adverse interaction

Front 16

nursing process (is a conceptual framework that the nurses employ to guide healthcare delivery.) cycling procedure with 5 basic steps

Back 16

1- assessment ( collecting data of pt)
2- analysis or diagnostic (pt problem and relate with the cause)
3- planning
4- implementation or intervention
5- evaluation

Front 17

Assessment methods

Back 17

Patient interview
Medical and drug-use history
The physical examination
Observation of the patient
Laboratory test

Front 18

Analysis or nursing diagnoses

Back 18

May be physiologic, sociological or psychologic.
The complete statement have 2 components
1- a statement of the patient actual or potential health problem followed by 2- a statement of the problem's probable cause or risk factor. Separate by RELATED TO.

Front 19

Panning (care plan)

Back 19

Wen creating a care plan, the nurse must define goals, set priorities, identify nursing interventions, and establish criteria for evaluating success.
It should also include intervention performed by other healthcare providers. It is an ongoing process that must be modified as new data are gathered.

Front 20

Collaborative implementation# independent implementation

Back 20

Collaborative Required physician or doctor order.

Front 21

Implementation

Back 21

Begins with carrying out intervention identify during planning
Completed by observing and documentation the outcomes of treatment.

Front 22

Evaluation

Back 22

Perform to determine the degree to which treatment has succeeded. Complet the initial cycle and open up for a new one.

Front 23

Applying the nursing process in drug therapy use which steps

Back 23

1Preadministration assessment
2- analysis and nursing diagnoses
3- planning
4-implementation
5-evaluation

Front 24

Preadministration assessment

Back 24

- collection of baseline data needed to evaluate therapeutic response
- collection of baseline data needed to evaluate adverse effects
- identification of high-risk patients
- assessment of patient's capacity for self-care

Front 25

A contraindication

Back 25

Is a per-existing condition that precludes or prevent uses of the particular drug under all but the most desperate circumstances.

Front 26

A precaution

Back 26

By contrast, can be defined as a per-existing condition that significantly increases the risk of an adverse action to a particular drug, but not to a degree that is life threatening.