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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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When you are dehydrated, where have you lost water from? |
The fluid space between the cells |
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Conditions that develop slowly should be corrected..... |
Slowly! |
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Total Body Water is composed of: |
Extracellular fluid (1/3of TBW) composed of Intravascular fluid and Interstitial Fluid, as well as Intracellular Fluid (2/3 of TBW) |
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What does a large volume of distribution mean? |
A fluid that distributes throughout several body compartments |
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Your patient has lost 500 mL of blood. How much crystalloid do you need to give to compensate for that blood loss? |
1.5 L because it takes 3x the amount of crystalloid to replace blood loss |
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What does autoresuscitate mean? |
When the body loses blood, it attempts to shift fluid from the intracellular space and the interstitial space into the intravascular space. This causes cells to become dehydrated and sad and malfunction, which causes organ failure. |
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What is a crystalloid? |
IV fluids in which the main particle that controls volume distribution is sodium. |
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Colloid Solutions |
Use complex molecules such as proteins and complex sugars for osmotic pressure. These molecules have a preference for the vascular space. |
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What is the advantage of colloids and hypertonic fluids? |
You are able to provide greater volume expansion while carrying less fluid- useful in situations like a war zone or on a helicopter. |
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Hypertonic Saline Solutions |
Have a higher concentration of sodium than isotonic fluids. This pulls more volume into the vascular space, which increases the intravascular volume more than just the amount put into the body. |
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What are some causes of hyperkalemia? |
Renal failure, burns, crush injuries, DKA, severe infections |
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What is the pre-hospital treatment for hyperkalemia? |
Goal is to protect the heart and "hide" the potassium inside the cells. This is done by giving 1g of 10% calcium gluconate or calcium chloride. To hide the potassium, we can give dextrose, sodium bicarb, and insulin. |
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How does sodium bicarb work in hyperkalemia? |
Works by pushing potassium into the cell in exchange for a hydrogen ion.
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Where are possible sites to place an IO? |
Proximal tibia, distal tibia, proximal humerus, and sternum in adults. |
