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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Praziquantel- Mode of action
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increases the permeability of the membranes of parasite cells for calcium ions
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Praziquantel- use
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treatment of helminth parasites,Drug of choice for: 1.Cestode (Taenia solium,
Taenia saginata) 2.Trematode (Schistosomiasis) |
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Praziquantel - side effects
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Dizziness, headache and malaise, drowsiness, somnolence, fatigue and vertigo (CNS).
Liver enzymes (AST and ALT) are elevated |
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Drugs effective against Nematodes
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Mebendazole
Albendazole Thiabendazole Ivermectin Diethylcarbamazine Pyrantel pamoate |
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Mebendazole- mechanism of action
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slow immobilization and death of the worms by selectively and irreversibly blocking the uptake of glucose and other nutrients. It is a spindle poison that induces chromosome nondisjunction
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LOFFLER’s SYNDROME
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ACUTE TRANSIENT PNEUMONIA ASSOCOATED WITH FEVER AND MARKED EOSINOPHILA
OCCURS DURING THE MIGRATORY LARVAL PHASE OF ASCARIS AND ANCYLOSTOMA (Cutaneous larva migrans) INFECTIONS |
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Albendazole- mode of action
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Blocks parasitic glucose uptake by interrupting microtubular function
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Thiabendazole- indication
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Strongyloides infections and cutaneous larva migrans
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Which a/p drug is used as a chelating agent
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Thiabendazole is also a chelating agent, which means that it is used medicinally to bind metals in cases of metal poisoning, such as lead poisoning, mercury poisoning or antimony poisoning
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Diethylcarbamazine- a drug of choice for
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filariasis due to Wuchereria, Brugia, Onchocerca and Loa loa
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drug derived from Streptomyces avermitilis.
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Ivermectin
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microfilaricidal agent and not effective against the main target, the adult organism
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Ivermectin
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Drug of choice for Giardiasis in pediatric practice
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Furazolidone
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tx of lymphatic filariasis
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DEC- diethylcarbamazine- it's a piperazine derivative
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Furazolidone use
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tx of acute infantile diarrhea and travelers diarrhea
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can cause thrombophlebitis if given IV, used to tx anaerobic infections
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metronidazole which is also mildly teratogenic
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Diloxanide furoate use
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drug of choice for asymptomatic amebiasis, mechanism is not known but it's amebicidal
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Nitazoxanide
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tx of giardia and cryptosporydium
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Pentamidine
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stable aromatic diamine compound, interferes w/ glucose metabolism, great for Pneumocysis , leishmania and trypanosoma
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toxicity of pentamidine
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SEVER SOB, arrhythmia, hypotention, hypoglycemia, nephrotoxicity,
adults>>>>>> kids |
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tx of leishmania
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stibogluconate sodium ( this is better) or pentamidine
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Tx of trypanosoma cruzi
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nifurtimox or pentamidine
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Nifurtimox
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synthetic nitrofuran compound, highly effective against intracellular forms
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mechanism of action of nifurtimox
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inhibit entry of the parasite into cells by producing H2O2--> lipid peroxidation of the parasite membrane resulting in damage and death of parasite
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