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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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T/F
Alkylating agents are cell cycle specific and therefore cause more damage to cancer cells than normal cells |
F
cell cycle non-specific cause more damage to cancer cells because they have a faster rate of metab Antimetabolite are cell cycle specific- synthesis phase |
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T/F
a px undergoing chemo therapy is more likely to have abnormal bleeding |
T
bc decreased clotting |
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Alkylating agents _____ filtration of proteins
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increase filtration of proteins from cell lysis causing renal damage
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________ cause cell DNA to crosslink causing a growth imbalance and cell death
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alkylating agents
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T/F
cytabarine (cytosar U) is not cell cycle specific |
F
type of antimetabolite- cell specific work in synthesis phase other antimetabolites: fluoroucil (5FU) mercaptoupurine (folex) |
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antimetabolites work in _____ phase of cell cycle
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synthesis
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alkylating agent that depresses testosterone production and causes gynecomastia in males
a) stretozocin (zanosar) b) busulfan (myleran) c) dactinomycin (cosmegan) d) megasterol acetate (megace) |
busulfan (myleran)
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alkylating agent that depresses testosterone production and causes irreversible pulm fibrosis
a) stretozocin (zanosar) b) busulfan (myleran) c) dactinomycin (cosmegan) d) daunorubicin (cerubidine) |
busulfan (myleran) "busulfan LU"
tx CML (chronic myelocytic leukemia) |
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not true about carmustine (BCNU)
a) crosses blood brain barrier b) deafness c) myelosupression |
deafness/tinnitis = cisplatin (platinol)
BCNU- tx brain/colon/ST cancer, hodgkin/non lymphoma, melanoma, mult myeloma, hepatoma |
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must avoid contact w mucus membrane/skin
a) cyclophosphamide (cytoxin) b) mechlorethamine (N mustard) c) fluorocil (5-FU) |
mechlorethamine (N mustard)
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teratogenic agent- must avoided in preg
a) cyclophosphamide (cytoxan) b) mechlorethamine (N mustard) c) fluorocil (5-FU) d) cisplatin (platinol) |
cyclophosphamide (cytoxan)
Alkylating agent tx WIDE VARETY of cancer causes: pulm/bladder fibrosis, gonadal supression |
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alkylating agent especially damaging to KD if not kept well hydrated
a) cyclophosphamide (cytoxan) b) mechlorethamine (N mustard) c) fluorocil (5-FU) d) cisplatin (platinol) |
*** cisplatin (platinol) ***
causes auditory nerve damage but can be avoided by proper hydration |
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frequently affects the auditory nerve causing tinnitus and deafness
a) cyclophosphamide (cytoxan) b) cytabarine (cytostar) c) fluorocil (5-FU) d) cisplatin (platinol) |
*** cisplatin (platinol)- alkylating agent ***
secondary to KD Damage- can be avoided w proper hydration |
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tx pancreatic cancer
a) mechlorethamine (N Mustard) b) cytabarine (cytosar-u) c) stretozocin (zanosar) |
stretozocin (zanosar)
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__________work by inhibiting the synthesis of compounds necessary to produce nucleoproteins
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antimetabolites s/a
cytabarine (Cytostar) fluoroucil (5-FU) mercaptopurin (folex) |
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cells that are least affected by antimetabolite drugs
a) skin b) intestinal c) LV d) bone |
bone
antimetabolites affect more rapidly replicating cells s/a skin, intestinal, LV, bone marrow, oral mucosal cells also affects neurologic capabilities |
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inhibits pryrimidine synth
a) cytabarine (Cytosar) b) fluoroucil (5-FU) c) mercaptopurine (folex) |
cytabarine (cytosar)
fluorocil (5-FU) |
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works by preventing reduction of folic acid by binding to dihydrofolate reductase
a) cytabarine (Cytosar) b) fluoroucil (5-FU) c) mercaptopurine (folex) |
mercaptopurine (folex)
antimetabolite tx leukemias causes alopecia and birth defects |
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antimetabolite whose toxicity may be delayed for up to 3 weeks
a) cytabarine (Cytosar) b) fluoroucil (5-FU) c) mercaptopurine (folex) |
fluoroucil (5-FU)
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interfere with DNA/RNA replication of nucleoproteins
a) Antimetabolites b) Alkalizing agents c) Antibiotic antineoplastics |
Antibiotic antineoplastics
side effects manifest in the body parts that rapidly replicating skin, mucosa, bone marrow |
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most effected by antibiotic antineoplastics
a) bone marrow b) intestinal lining c) LV |
side effects manifest in body parts that are themselves rapidly replicating s/a
bone marrow also skin, mucosa |
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doxorubicin (adriamycin) is most damaging to
a) Liver b) Lung c) Heart |
HT- severely damaging to myocardium
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may cause complete and irreversible alopecia
a) daunorubicin (cerubidine) b) temoxifen (nolvadex) c) doxorubicin (adriamycin) d) bleomycin (blenoxane) |
doxorubicin (adriamycin)
antibiotic antineoplastic- also severely damaging to myocardium |
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Antineoplastics that affect hormones are typically used in treating which kind of cancers
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testes
prostate breast work by affecting the metabolism and depressing growth rate of these tissues |
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estrogen antagonist
a) leuprolide acetate (lupron) b) tamoxifen (nolvadex) c) cytabarine (cytosar) d) darbepoetin (aransep) |
tamoxifen (nolvadex)
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used to treat inoperable breast cancer but may cause virilism
a) leuprolide acetate (lupron) b) tamoxifen (nolvadex) c) cytabarine (cytosar) d) dromostanolone (drolban) |
dromostanolone (drolban)
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drug to support immune cells and multipotential stem cells but seldom used bc serious cardiopulmonary effects or cause coma
a) aldesleukin (interleukin 2) b) interferon alpha-2a (roderon) c) daclizumab (zenepax) |
aldesleukin (interleukin 2)
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arrests mitosis at the metaphase
a) interferon alpha 2a (roderon) b) vincristine sulfate (oncovin) c) megesterol acetate (megace) |
vincristine sulfate (oncovin)- type of antineoplastic
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colony stimulating factors act by stimulating proliferation/differentiation of ________ during _________
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colony stimulating factors act by stimulating proliferation/differentiation of
Stem Cells during Hemopoisis |
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________ reduce the intensity and duration of myelosuppression
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CSFs by stimulating proliferation/differentiation of stem cells
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CSF
a) filgastrim (neupogen) b) leuprolide acetate (lupron) c) infiximab (remicade) |
filgastrim (neupogen)- specific for neutrophils
also: erythropoietin- RBC specific darbapoetin CSFs- stim differentiation/maturation of stem cells |
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life threatening side effects of erythropoietin
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hypertension
seizure |
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CSF that may cause splenomegaly and MI
a) filgastrin (neupogen) b) erythropoietin c) darbepoietin |
filgastrin (neupogen)- neutrophil specific - used for non-bone marrow malignancies
also causes: alopecia, skeletal pain, osteoporosis, arrhythmia, chest pain |
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T/F
darbepoetin is more potent than erythropoietin |
True
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used in dialysis px but has a great risk of pulmonary embolism, CHF, MI
a) erythropoietin b) darbapoetin c) filgastrim |
darbapoetin
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non-hormone affecting antineoplastic used to treat breast cancer
a) dromostanolone (drolban) b) tamoxifen (nolvadex) c) trastaxumab (herceptin) |
trastaxumab (herceptin)
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immunomodulator used to tx RA
a) adalimumab (humira) b) rituximab (rituxan) c) infliximab (remicade) |
adalimumab (humira) - RA
infliximab (remicade) - RA, crohn's, ulcerative colitits |
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may cause fatal pulmonary fibrosis is 1% px
a) cyclophophamide (cytoxan) a) dactomycin (cosmegan) c) bleomycin (blenoxane) |
bleomycin (blenoxane)
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*** severely damaging to the myocardium. Name category and list ***
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anitbiotic antineoplastic agents
dactinomycin (cosmegan) daunorubicin (cerubidine) doxorubicin (adriamycin)- may cause complete irreversible alopecia (bleomycin- same category- esp damaging to LU -> fatal pulm fibrosis) |
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Used with CHOP protocol to tx non-hodgkins lymphoma
a) bevacizumab (avastin) b) rituximab (rituxan) c) trastuzumab (herceptin) |
rituximab (rituxan)
monoclonal antibody as antineoplastic |
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used to tx a wide vareity of cancers
a) cisplatin (platinol) b) cyclophsphamide (cytoxan) c) Rituximab (rituxan) d) dactinomycin (cerubidine) |
cyclophsphamide (cytoxan)- alkylating agent
- teratogenic - avoid pregnancy |
