Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
are pharmacokinetic considerations more important in penicillin or digitalis?
|
digitalis (narrow margin of safety)
|
|
|
______ is used to determine loading dose and _______ is used to determine maintenance dose
|
Vd; Clearance
|
|
|
ethanol, apirin and phenytoin are _________ _______ drugs
|
zero order
|
|
|
In _________ order kinetics, the rate of elimination is proportional to the plasma drug concentration
|
first
|
|
|
In first order kinetics, a constant ________ of the drug is eliminated per unit time
|
fraction
|
|
|
In zero order kinetics, a constant _________ of the drug is eliminated per unit time
|
ammount
|
|
|
________ order kinetics are independent of drug concentration
|
zero
|
|
|
What is the rate limiting factor at Vmax?
|
enzyme activity
|
|
|
In _________ order kinetics, half-life is constant
|
first
|
|
|
In first order kinetics, what is the rate limiting factor at low concentrations?
|
drug availability
|
|
|
What level would the clearance rate approach for a drug mainly secreted by the renal tubule?
|
660 mL/ min
|
|
|
How do you calculate Vd?
|
Dosage / Cp
|
|
|
A drug's plasma concentration rapidly decreases during the _________ phase in which it moves into the ________ perfusing compartment.
|
alpha; slowly
|
|
|
elimination is also known as _________ phase
|
beta
|
|
|
What is the equation for T1/2?
|
T1/2 = 0.693 x Vd / CL
|
|
|
How many half lives does it take to reach steady state? to reach full elimination?
|
4-5 for both
|
|
|
How many half lives does it take to get to 90% completion?
|
3.3
|
|
|
steady state concentration is directly proportional to __________ ________ and inversely proportional to _________
|
infusion rate; clearance
|
|
|
to decrease the time to get to steady state, increase the rate of infusion (true/false)
|
false
|
|
|
What is the equation for Css?
|
Css = 1.44 x F x D x t1/2 / Vd x T
|
|
|
how do you calculate the loading dose?
|
desired concentration x Vd / Foral
|
|
|
how do you calculate the maintenance dose?
|
steady state x CL / Foral
|
|
|
If creatinine clearance is decreased by half. How would your interval dose change?
|
decrease by half
|
|
|
What happens to t1/2 when CL doubles?
|
t1/2 is cut in half
|
|
|
If t1/2 doubles and no alternative dosages are available, what should you do to your maintenance dose?
|
double the interval (eg. 500mg drug X is now given every 8 hours instead of every 4)
|
