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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Unfractionated Heparin
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Indirect Thrombin Inhibitor
1:1 complex with thrombin:inactivates thrombin and factor X enhances anithrombin 1000 Xs Use to treat thrombosis Can cause: bleeding, allergies, thrombocytopenia |
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Fractionated Heparin
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Shorter than heparing
Indirect thrombin inhibitor inactivates factor X but not thrombin Can cause: bleeding, allergies, thrombocytopenia |
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Lepirudin(recombinant hirudin)
Bivalirudin(semisynthetic) |
Direct thrombin inhibitor(bivalent)
binds substrate recognition site and catalytic site to inhibit coag used to treat HIT Adverse: bleeding, lepirudin contraindicated in renal comp |
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Argatroban
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Direct thrombin inhibitor(monovalent)
binds catalytic site on thrombin Used mainly for HIT Adverse: bleeding, contraindicated in hepatic insufficiency |
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Warfarin(coumadin)
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Vit K antagonist
Long term anticoagulant contraindication: bleeding, pregnancy(crosses the placenta) intake of Vit K can outcompete warfarin |
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Streptokinase
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Fibrinolytic
protein from streptococci converts plasminogen to plasmin low specificity cleaves all fibrin not enzymatic do not use if patient is at risk for hemorrhage |
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Alteplase(tPA)
Tenetplase Reteplase |
recombinant fibrinolytic
enzymatically converts plasminogen to plasmin more specific for fibrin bound plasminogen do not use in patients at high risk of hemorrhage |
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Aspirin
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anti-platelet med
Irreversibly binds to Cox1 prevents precursor to TxA2 inactivates platelets permanently causes GI problems |
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Clopidogrel(plavix)
prasugrel(effient) ticlopidine (ticlid) |
ADP antagonists
irreversibly inhibit P2Y12 receptor platelets cannot release ADP prevents aggregation prevent MI |
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Clopidogrel
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reduces rate of stroke and MI in individuals with PAD
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prasugrel
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approved to reduce MI after angioplasty
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Abciximab(reopro)
Eptifibadine(integrilin) Tirofiban(aggrastat) |
Glycoprotein IIA/IIIB antagonist
prevent interaction of GP IIb/IIIa prevents platelet aggregation used in acute coronary syndromes risk of bleeding |
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Dipyridamole
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phosphodiesterase, prevents the breakdown of cAMP decreasing the activation of platelet
used with warfarin to prevent embolism from prosthetic valve |
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Corticosteroids
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anti inflammatory
inhibits cox2 treat gout, RA, asthma, eczema |
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NSAID
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Inhibits COX and thus prostaglandins involved in fever and inflammation, also inhibits thromboxane preventing clotting
used for inflammatory conditions |
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Aspirin
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Inhibits TxA2 formatin
irreversible prevents clotting used as prophylaxis in MI |
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Alprostadil
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Prostaglandin analog
treatment of erectile disfunction |
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MIsoprostol
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Prostaglandin analog
prevents peptic ulcer in pts on NSAIDs |
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Epoprostenol
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prostaglandin analog
Treats severe pulm hypertension |
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Hydroxyzine (Vistaril)
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First H1 antagonist
block H1, muscarinic and cholinergic receptors used for skin allergies Adverse: CNS interaction, nausea vomiting |
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Cyclizine(marezene)
Meclizine(antivert) |
H1 antagonist First Gen
used for motion sickness Adverse: CNS interaction, nausea vomiting |
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Azelastine(optiva)
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H1 antagonist first gen
inhibits histamine release used for nasal allergies Adverse: CNS interaction, nausea vomiting can be given as nasal sprau metabolized to active metabolite desmethylazelastine |
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Promethazine(phenergen)
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H1 antagonist first gen
used for allergic reactions, Post op pain (adjunct), and motion sickness |
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Diphenhydramine(benadryl)
Dimenhydrinate(dramamine) Carbinoxamine(histex) |
H1 antagonists
blocks H1 receptor Interaction with cholinergic and adrenergic and muscarinic receptors Contraindicated with MAOI CNS depression |
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Fexofenadine(allegra)
Loratadine(claritin) Cetrizine(zyrtec) |
H1 antagonist 2nd gen
Specific to the H1 receptor used for allergies non sedating contraindicated with MOAI |
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Cimetidine(tagamet)
Ranitodine(zantac) famotidne(pepcid) nizatidine(axid) |
H2 antagonists
reduce release of stomach acid treat GERD, reflux, zollinger ellison, ulcers cimetidine inhibits CYP 450 |
