Pharmacology Biom1008 - Autonomic Pharmacology

Front 1

Parasympathetic Postganglionic Nerves use what type of signalling?

Back 1

Cholinergic

Front 2

Cholinergic signalling uses which primary neurotransmitter?

Back 2

Acetylcholine

Front 3

Sympathetic Postganglionic Nerves use what type of signalling?

Back 3

Adrenergic

Front 4

Adrenergic signalling uses which primary neurotransmitter?

Back 4

Noradrenaline

Front 5

There are two types of cholinergic receptors. What are they?

Back 5

Nicotinic, Muscarinic

Front 6

Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in blood vessels induce vasodilation (lowering blood pressure). True or False?

Back 6

True

Front 7

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in sympathetic ganglia decrease blood pressure and heart rate. True or False?

Back 7

False

Front 8

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in sympathetic ganglia increase blood pressure and heart rate. True or False?

Back 8

True

Front 9

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAchR) are Ligand Gated Ion Channel which require 2 ACh to Na+ into the cell. True or False?

Back 9

True

Front 10

Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAchR) are kinase-linked receptors. True or False?

Back 10

False

Front 11

Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAchR) are G-Protein Couple Receptors. True or False?

Back 11

True

Front 12

What word describes compounds which mimic the effects of acetylcholine?

Back 12

Cholinomimetics

Front 13

Para-sympathomimetic = Effects are the same
as stimulating the parasympathetic nervous
system - muscarinic

• Direct effect
• Muscarinic agonists (Ach, muscarine)
• Indirect effect
• Inhibit breakdown of Ach – more present at
binding site = acteylcholinesterase inhibitors
(physostigmine)

Is this correct?

Back 13

Yes

Front 14

Choline esters act on muscarinic and nicotinic receptors. True or False?

Back 14

True

Front 15

Ach is broken down rapidly by what enzyme?

Back 15

Acetylcholinesterases

Front 16

Pilocarpine is a mAChR agonist which is used to increase salivation and treat xerostomia as well as to induce miosis in glaucoma (high pressure in the eye). True or False?

Back 16

True

Front 17

Muscarinic antagonists (Parasympatholytics) include Pilocarpine and Bethanecol. True or False?

Back 17

False

Front 18

Muscarinic antagonists (Parasympatholytics) include Atropine and Scopolamine. True or False?

Back 18

True

Front 19

Muscarinic agonists can be used to treat Brachycardia (Slow heart rate) by antagonising muscarinic antagonists. True or False?

Back 19

False

Front 20

Muscarinic antagonists can be used to treat Brachycardia (Slow heart rate) by antagonising muscarinic agonists. True or False?

Back 20

True

Front 21

Pilocarpine is a muscarinic antagonist which causes pupils to dilate and far sight. True or False?

Back 21

False

Front 22

Pilocarpine is a muscarinic agonist which causes pupils to narrow and near sight. True or False?

Back 22

True

Front 23

Atropine is a muscarinic agonist which causes pupils to narrow and near sight. True or False?

Back 23

False

Front 24

Atropine is a muscarinic antagonist which causes pupils to dilate and far sight. True or False?

Back 24

True

Front 25

Cholinesterase inhibitors mimic muscarinic agonists. Is this statement true or false?

Back 25

True

Front 26

Physostigmine treats atropine poisoning. True or False?

Back 26

True

Front 27

Noradrenergic transmitters (Catecholamines) include which 3 natural nuerotransmitters in the Human Body?

Back 27

Dopamine, Adrenaline, Noradrenaline

Front 28

Effector Organ Responses of catecholamines include those similar to sympathetic stimulation. True or False?

Back 28

True

Front 29

Adrenoceptors are sympathetic and are relatively unselective (similar affinity)
for the two endogenous adrenergic neurotransmitters
adrenaline (A) and noradrenaline (NA). True or False?

Back 29

True

Front 30

Only NA activate both α and β adrenoceptors. True or False?

Back 30

False

Front 31

Both NA and A activate both α and β adrenoceptors. True or False?

Back 31

True

Front 32

a1 adrenoceptors constrict most smooth muscle with Phenylephrine being an agonist. True or False?

Back 32

True

Front 33

a2 adrenoceptors cause presynaptic inhibition of
neurotransmitter release with Clonidine being an agonist. True or False?

Back 33

True

Front 34

β1 adrenoceptors decreases heart rate and force of constriction and is activated by dobutamine. True or False?

Back 34

False

Front 35

β1 adrenoceptors increases heart rate and force of constriction and is activated by dobutamine. True or False?

Back 35

True

Front 36

β2 adrenoceptors dilates/relaxes the diagphram and decreases NA release from sympathetic nerves and is activated by salbutamol. True or False?

Back 36

False

Front 37

β2 adrenoceptors dilates/relaxes smooth muscle and ↑NA release from sympathetic nerves and is activated by salbutamo. True or False?

Back 37

True

Front 38

β3 adrenoceptors are involved with thermogenesis, lipolysis. True or False?

Back 38

True

Front 39

b-adrenoceptor antagonists are also known as what?

Back 39

beta blockers

Front 40

Atenolol is a Non selective b1, b2, b3-adrenoceptor antagonist. True or False?

Back 40

False

Front 41

Propanolol is a Non selective b1, b2, b3-adrenoceptor antagonist. True or False?

Back 41

True

Front 42

Propanolol is a selective b1-adrenoceptor antagonist. True or False?

Back 42

False

Front 43

Atenolol is a selective b1-adrenoceptor antagonist. True or False?

Back 43

True

Front 44

Most drugs that stimulate nicotinic receptors will
activate peripheral ganglionic receptors. True or False?

Back 44

True

Front 45

Ganglion stimulating drugs - nAchR - Include __________ which causes stimulation followed by
depolarisation block.

Back 45

Nicotine

Front 46

Hexamethonium/Trimetaphan is an example of a Ganglion blocking drug which causes the sympathetic of the autonomic nervous system to be blocked causing cardiovascular malfunctions such as loss to vasoconstriction functions. True or False?

Back 46

False

Front 47

Hexamethonium/Trimetaphan is an example of a Ganglion blocking drug which causes both branches of the autonomic nervous system to be blocked causing cardiovascular malfunctions such as loss to vasoconstriction functions. True or False?

Back 47

True