Pharmacology Barbs And Nonbarbs

Front 1

WHAT IS THE MAIN INHIBITORY NEUROTRANSMITTER IN THE CNS?

Back 1

GAMMA AMINO BUTYRIC ACID (GABA)

Front 2

WHERE IS GABA SYNTHESIZED AND STORED?

Back 2

IN
THE PRESYNAPTIC AXON TERMINALS

Front 3

WHAT CAUSES THE RELEASE OF GABA INTO THE SYNAPSE WHERE IT ACTS?

Back 3

CALCIUM IONS

Front 4

WHERE DOES GABA ACT?

Back 4

ON THE GABA RECEPTORS LOCATED ON THE POST-SYNAPTIC MEMBRANE OF TARGET NEURONS

Front 5

WHAT KIND OF RECEPTORS ARE GABA RECEPTORS?

Back 5

CHANNEL RECEPTORS

Front 6

WHEN GABA ATTACHES TO ITS RECEPTORS THE CENTRAL CHANNEL OPENS AND ALLOWS WHAT KIND OF IONS TO PASS THROUGH?

Back 6

NEGATIVELY CHARGED CHLORIDE IONS.

Front 7

WHAT FUNCTION DOES NEGATIVELY CHARGED CHLORIDE IONS HAVE ON THE NEURON?

Back 7

DECREASE ITS EXCITABILITY

Front 8

THE INWARD FLUX OF CHLORIDE IONS RESULTS IS WHAT CHANGE TO THE CELL?

Back 8

HYPERPOLARIZATION

Front 9

HYPERPOLARIZATION OF THE NEURON HAS WHAT EFFECT ON EXCITATORY NEUROTRANSMITTERS?

Back 9

RESISTANCE TO EXCITATORY NEUROTRANSMITTERS

Front 10

WHAT TWO DRUG CLASSIFICATIONS ABIND TO THE GABA RECEPTOR AND ENHANCE THE EFFECT OF GABA?

Back 10

BARBITUATES AND BENSOS

Front 11

WHAT TWO DRUGS PROBABLY ENHANCE THE EFFECT OF GABA DECREASING NEURONAL EXCITABILITY?

Back 11

PROPOFOL AND ETOMIDATE

Front 12

WHAT ARE THE THREE TYPES OF GABA RECEPTORS?

Back 12

GABA A, B, AND C

Front 13

WHAT TYPE OF GABA RECEPTORS ARE GABA A AND C
HOW ARE THEY DIFFERENT?

Back 13

IONOTROPIC.
THESE ION CHANNELS ARE DIFFERENT BECAUSE NEUROTRANSIMTTERS ATTACH DIRECTLY IN ORDER TO OPEN THEM.

Front 14

WHAT KIND OF GABA RECEPTOR IS GABA B?
WHAT IS THE UNIQUE PROPERTY?

Back 14

METABOTROPIC RECEPTOR
THEY ARE SEPARATED FROM THE ION CHANNELS AND MAKE LINKAGE BY MEANS OF G PROTEIN.

Front 15

GABA B RECEPTORS WILL OPEN WHAT CHANNELS ON THE POST SYNAPTIC MEMBRANE? PrESYNAPTIC MEMB.? INVOLVING WHAT?

Back 15

K
CA
THRU A SECOND MESSENGER INVOLVING G PROTEIN

Front 16

THE GABA RECEPTOR IS COMPRISED OF HOW MANY SUBUNITS? WHAT IS THE PRIMARY BINDING SITE FOR GABA?

Back 16

5
BETA SUBUNITS

Front 17

WHAT ARE THREE COMPONENTS OF THE PERFECT ANESTHESIA?

Back 17

ANALGESIA
AMNESIA
MUSCLE RELAXATION

Front 18

WHEN GABA ALLOWS THE ENTERING OF CHLORIDE CAUSING HYPERPOLARIZATION WHAT IS THE RESULT?

Back 18

INHIBITION ON NEURONAL ACTIVITY AND A GENERAL ANXIOLITIC EFFECT

Front 19

SECONDARY GABA BINDING SITES FOR OTHER MOLECULES INCLUDE (5)?

Back 19

BARBITUATES, BENZODIAZEPINES, ALCOHOL, PROPOFOL AND ETOMIDATE

Front 20

WHAT NON-BARBITUATE IS RELATED TO PCP?

Back 20

KETAMINE

Front 21

WHAT NEUROTRANSMITTER IN THE CNS BINDS TO NMDA?
HOW IS IT CLASSIFIED?

Back 21

GLUTAMATE
EXCITATORY

Front 22

WHEN THE NMDA RECEPTOR OPENS THE ION CHANNEL WHAT ELEMENTS MOVE IN?
AND WHAT HAPPENS TO THE POST SYNAPTIC NEURON?

Back 22

K
NA
CA
GETS DEPOLARIZED

Front 23

WHAT DRUG INHIBITS THE NMDA RECEPTOR RESPONSE TO GLUTAMATE?

Back 23

KETAMINE

Front 24

WHAT BARBITURATE IS NOT USED IN THE US?

Back 24

THIAMYLAL

Front 25

WHAT ARE THE TWO SHORT ACTING BARBITURATES?

Back 25

THIOPENTAL (PENTOTHAL)
METHOHEXITAL (BREVITAL)

Front 26

BARBITURATES HAVE MANY CNS ACTIONS, BUT THE DEPRESSION OF WHAT AREA CONTRIBUTES TO THE SEDATION AND HYPNOSIS?

Back 26

RAS
RETICULAR ACTIVATING SYSTEM

Front 27

WHAT AREA ANATOMICAL AREA IS IMPORTANT IN THE MAINTENANCE OF WAKEFULNESS?

Back 27

RAS.
(IS NOT IN THE CNS)

Front 28

WHAT IS THE PH OF 2.5% THIOPENTAL

Back 28

10.5

Front 29

WHAT KIND OF A SOLUTION(ALKALINE OR ACID) IS THIOPENTAL?
INCOMPATIBLE WITH WHAT DRUGS(3)?

Back 29

ALKALINE
OPIOIDS, CHATECHOLAMINES AND NMBAs WHICH ARE ACIDIC.

Front 30

THIOPENTAL CANNOT BE RECONSTITUTED IN WHAT iv FLUID? WHY?

Back 30

LR
WILL PRECIPITATE

Front 31

THE ALKALINE PROPERTIES OF THIOPENTAL PROVIDE WHAT TYPE OF EFFECT?

Back 31

BACTERIOSTATIC

Front 32

WHAT ARE THE PREPARATION SOLUTIONS IN PERCENTAGE FOR THIOPENTAL AND METHOHEXITAL?

Back 32

THIOPENTAL = 2.5%
METHOHEXITAL = 1%

Front 33

THE ADDITION OF A METHYL GROUP TO THE BARBITURIC ACID RING (METHOHEXITAL)RESULTS IN?

Back 33

SHORT DURATION OF ACTION
(TAKING AWAY THE ANTICONVULSANT PROPERTY, CAN CAUSE SEIZURES AND EXTRAPIRAMIDAL SIDE EFFECTS

Front 34

WHEN CHLORIDE CONDUCTANCE INCREASES, IT LEADS TO HYPERPOLARIZATION. IN SUCH STATE, WHAT HAPPENS TO CELL?

Back 34

IT DOES NOT FIRE.

Front 35

BARBITURATES CAN DECREASE PAIN THRESHOLD. WHAT DOES THIS MEAN?

Back 35

CAN MAKE PAIN MORE INTENSE. HAVE NO SKELETAL MUSCLE RELAXATION

Front 36

BARBITURATES CAN CAUSE THESE THREE NEURO SIDE EFFECTS.

Back 36

SKELETAL MUSCLE CONTRACTIONS
MYOCLONUS
SEIZURES

Front 37

FOR BARBITURATE ACTION WHAT SUBUNIT IS NOT REQUIRED?

Back 37

GAMMA
THE ALPHA AND BETA ARE USED

Front 38

BARBITURATES ACT ON THE GABA INDUCED CHLORIDE CURRENTS BY WHAT ACTION?

Back 38

PROLONGING THE OPEN TIME PERIOD INSTEAD OF INCREASING THE FREQUENCY OF CHANNEL OPENINGS.(BARBS INCREASE FREQ OF OPENINGS)

Front 39

WHAT EFFECT DO MOST ANESTHESIA DRUGS HAVE ON CV SYSTEM?

Back 39

DEPRESANT EFFECT

Front 40

WHAT TWO DRUGS ARE CLASSIFIED AS BARBITURATES?

Back 40

THIOPENTAL AND METHOHEXITAL

Front 41

WHAT THREE DRUGS ARE CLASSIFIED AS NONBARBITURATES?

Back 41

PROPOFOL
ETOMIDATE
KETAMINE

Front 42

PROMPT AWAKENING AFTER A SINGLE DOSE OF THIOPENTAL REFLECTS WHAT PROPERTY? IS NOT METABOLISM.

Back 42

REDISTRIBUTION

Front 43

PERCENT OF UNCHANGED BARBITUATES EXCRETED IN THE URINE?

Back 43

1% WHICH INDICATES BODY METABOLISM OF DRUG

Front 44

WHAT BARBITUATE BINDS TO PROTEIN 80% AND IS HIGHLY LIPID SOLUBLE?

Back 44

THIOPENTAL

Front 45

WHAT DRUG DECREASES THE BINDING OF THIOPENTAL TO PROTEIN?

Back 45

ASPIRIN.

Front 46

WHAT DETERMINES DISTRIBUTION OF BARBITURATES IN THE BODY (3) ?AND WHICH IS THE MOST IMPORTANT

Back 46

LIPID SOLUBILITY(MOST IMPORTANT)
PROTEIN BINDING
DEGREE OF IONIZATION