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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the starting substraight for glucocorticoids?
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Cholesterol
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What are the regulatory effects of glucocorticoids?
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negative feedback on anterior pituitary and hypothalamus-prolonged treatment can cause atrophy of adrenal cortex.
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What are the metabolic effects of glucocorticoids?
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decrease cellula uptake and utilisation of glucose, increase gluconeogenesis tendency to hyperglycaemia
increase catabolism and decreased metabolism of protein |
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What is the anti-inflamatory and immunosuppressive effects of glucocorticoids?
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decrease in inflammation, autoimmune and allergic reactions
BUT decrease in healing and diminution of protective effects response to infection |
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Which mediators activity in decreased when giving glucocorticoids?
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eicosanoids, platelet-activating factor, many interleukins, cell adhesion molecules, and nitric oxide.
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what do GC-receptors do before entering the nucleus?
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form dimers
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How are GC transported in the plasma?
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bound to corticosteroid-binding protein.
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How does the anti-inflamatoy and immunosuppressive action of GC work?
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1) inhibition of transcription of genes COX 2+cytokines for example the interleukins+nitric oxide synthase
2) Increased synthesis of lipocortin 1 that may have anti-inflamatory actions 3) block Vit-D3 mediated induction of osteocalcin gene in osteoblasts and modification of transcription of collagenase genes |
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Which GC can be given by inhalation?
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Beclometasone
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Give 3 GC than can be given orally?
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Prednisolone, hydrocotisone, dexamethasone.
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what are unwanted effects of GC use?
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suppression of response to infection,
osteoporosis, growth suppression in children Negative feedback causing adrenal insufficiency iatrogenic Cushing's syndrome. metabolic actions |
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How does cortisone become active?
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It is metabolised into hydrocortisone.
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What is the main mineralocorticoids?
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Aldosterone
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Where are mineralcorticoid receptors found?
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Kidney
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Why don't GC have an effect when they enter the renal cells
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inactivated by 11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
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What is the effect of mineralocorticoids?
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Increases Na+ in apical membrane and and in basal later membrane.
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