Pharmacology - A Nursing Process Approach (6Th Edition)

Front 1

Dissolution of a drug.

Back 1

Pharmaceutic

Front 2

One-half of the drug concentration to be eliminated.

Back 2

Half-Life

Front 3

Effect of a drug action because of hereditary influence.

Back 3

Pharmacogenetic

Front 4

Four processes of drug movement to achieve drug action.

Back 4

Pharmacokinetic

Front 5

Toxic effect as a result of drug dose or therapy.

Back 5

Toxicity

Front 6

Drug that blocks a response without a chemical structure.

Back 6

Antagonist

Front 7

Drug bound to protein.

Back 7

Protein-binding

Front 8

Located on a cell membrane to enhance drug action.

Back 8

Receptor

Front 9

Effect of a drug action on cells.

Back 9

Pharmacodynamic

Front 10

Drug tolerance to repeated administration of a drug.

Back 10

Tachyphylaxis

Front 11

Psychologic benefit from a compound.

Back 11

Placebo

Front 12

Protein-bound drug causes:

Back 12

Inactive drug action/response.

Front 13

Unbound Drug:

Back 13

Free active drug causing a pharmacologic

response.

Front 14

Hepatic First Pass:

Back 14

Proceeds directly from intestine to the liver.

Front 15

Dissolution:

Back 15

Breakdown of a drug into smaller particles.

Front 16

Passive Absorption:

Back 16

Drug absorbed by diffusion.

Front 17

Non-selective Receptors:

Back 17

Drugs that affect various receptors.

Front 18

Which drug form is most rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract?

Back 18

Suspension

Front 19

Enteric-coated tablets are absorbed from the:

Back 19

Intestine

Front 20

Usually food has what effect on drug dissolution and absorption?

Back 20

Food interferes with dissolution/absorption.

Front 21

The sequence of the four processes of pharmacokinetics is:

Back 21

Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion

Front 22

Drugs that pass rapidly through the GI membrane include:

Back 22

Lipid-soluble and Non-ionized

Front 23

The factors that most commonly affect drug action are:

Back 23

Poor Circulation, Pain, Stress, Hunger, Fasting

Front 24

E.T. is taking a drug that is highly protein bound. Several days later, E.T. takes a second drug that is 90% protein-bound. What happens to the first drug?

Back 24

More of the first drug is released from the protein and becomes more pharmacologically active.

Front 25

The major site of drug metabolism is the:

Back 25

Liver

Front 26

The route for drug absorption that has the greatest bioavailability is:

Back 26

Intravenous

Front 27

The serum half-life of a drug is the time required:

Back 27

After absorption for half of the drug to be eliminated.

Front 28

Drugs with a half-life of 24-30 hours would probably be administered on a dose schedule of:

Back 28

Once per day.

Front 29

For elimination through the kidney to be possible, a drug must be:

Back 29

Water-soluble

Front 30

Mrs. T has a renal disorder. Her creatinine clearance is 40ml/min. Her drug dose should be:

Back 30

Decreased

Front 31

The biologic activity of a drug is determined by the:

Back 31

Fit of the drug at the receptor site.

Front 32

Drugs that prevent or inhibit a response are known as:

Back 32

Antagonists

Front 33

A receptor located in different parts of the body may initiate a variety of responses depending on its anatomic site. The receptor is:

Back 33

Non-specific

Front 34

The valid indicator that measures the margin of safety of the drug is its:

Back 34

Therapeutic Index

Front 35

Drugs with narrow therapeutic ranges, such as digoxin (0.5-2mcg/ml), require plasma/serum drug level monitoring to avoid drug toxicity:

Back 35

At periodic intervals.

Front 36

After drug administration, the highest plasma/serum concentration of the drug at a specific time is called:

Back 36

Peak Level

Front 37

Before the administration of a medication, the nurse should check a drug reference book or the drug pamphlet to obtain all the following pertinent data EXCEPT the:

Back 37

Maximum Efficacy

Front 38

Physiologic effects not related to the desired effect(s) that can be predictable or associated with the use of a drug are called:

Back 38

Side Effects

Front 39

When an immediate drug response is desired, a large initial dose is given to rapidly achieve an MEC in the plasma. This is called the:

Back 39

Loading Dose

Front 40

A time-response curve evaluates three parameters of drug action, which does NOT include:

Back 40

Therapeutic Range

Front 41

Nursing interventions concerning drug therapy include the following EXCEPT:

Back 41

Checking the client's serum therapeutic range of drugs that are more toxic or have a narrow

therapeutic range.

Front 42

A low protein level in the blood decreases the number of protein binding sites and causes an increase in amount of free drug in the plasma, potentially resulting in drug overdose. Examples of causes of low protein levels include the following:

Back 42

Malnutrition, Elderly

Front 43

Which of the following statements are true?

Back 43

Drugs are absorbed faster in acidic fluid. The very young have decreased gastric acidity. Liquid drugs are more rapidly available for GI absorption than solids.

Front 44

What is purpura?

Back 44

Bleeding under the skin

Front 45

Can purpura occur because of protein-binding percentage and half-life of the drug, drug dosages, and/or drug interaction? Explain.

Back 45

Protein-binding, with two highly protein-bound drugs, the drugs compete for sites, causing more free drug. With more warfarin release, bleeding could occur, increased half-life may contribute to drug accumulation, especially with long protein-binding and half-life.

Front 46

J.R.'s serum digoxin level is 2.5mcg/ml. Her urine output has decreased. Is J.R.'s serum digoxin level within the normal therapeutic range? Explain.

Back 46

No. Normal digoxin levels are 0.5-2mcg/ml

Front 47

What are the recommended nursing interventions for an increased serum digoxin level and decreased urine output?

Back 47

Check vital signs, monitor urine output, report findings, etc.