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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How does the penicillin drug family work? |
inhibits transpeptidase which is involved in synthesizing the bacterial cell wall of mostly gram positive bacteria. |
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penicillin drug family is most effective at eliminating what kind of bacteria? |
gram positive |
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what is the name of the enzyme that penicillins work on? |
transpeptidase |
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What is the most common adverse effect of penicillin? |
allergic reaction |
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___________ is a broad spectrum antibiotic in the penicillins group, and is the most common antibiotic in the country. |
amoxicillin |
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______________ + _______________ = Augmentin |
potassium clavulanate + amoxicillin |
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Which type of bacteria do cephalosporins treat? Are they broad or narrow spectrum? |
gram negative, broad |
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What is the most commonly prescribed cephalosporin? |
cephalexin (Keflex) |
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What is a third generation cephalosporin regarded as the drug of choice for treating gonorrhea? |
ceftriaxone (Rocephin) |
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___________ is normally reserved for life-threatening gram positive infections such as MRSA. |
vancomycin |
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MRSA stands for...? |
methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus |
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Which is more common, erythromycin or azithromycin? |
azithromycin |
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How do tetracyclines work? |
They inhibit bacterial ribosomes. |
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______________ are a broad spectrum antibiotic that are routinely used in animal feed formulations. |
tetracyclines |
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tetracyclines are used to treat __________ disease |
Lyme |
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What is the most common tetracyline? |
doxycycline |
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What are three unique adverse effects of tetracyclines? |
brown discoloration in teeth in patients under 8. teratogenicity sensitivity to sun |
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_______________, the most common tetracycline must be taken with food. |
doxycycline |
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__________________ is a low dose form of doxycycline that treats periodontal disease |
periostat and periochips |
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___________ are the oldest antibiotics still in use. |
Sulfonamides |
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Sulfonamides work by inhibiting the synthesis of _________ _______, which is essential in the synthesis of DNA. |
folic acid |
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____________ is the most common sulfonamide drug. |
sulfamethoxazole |
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______________ + _____________ = Bactrim/Septra |
sulfamethoxazole and trimethroprim |
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An adverse effect of Macrobid is... |
brown coloring of the urine |
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________________ is a broad spectrum drug that is active against both gram positive and gram negative bacteria, cannot be taken with milk, and is second choice drug for gonorrhea. |
ciprofloxacin (Cipro) |
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________________ is the drug of choice for treating infections with Giardia. |
metronidazole (Flagyl) |
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How does Flagyl work? |
Inhibits DNA synthesis. |
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What is an adverse effect of Flagyl? |
inhibits the detoxification of ethanol |
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_____________ is only used in treatment of TB, and works by inhibiting RNA polymerase. |
Rifampin |
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How does the triple antibiotic cream work? |
increases the permeability of the cell well, resulting in osmotic pressure imbalance and cell lysis. |
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What is the oral form of a yeast infection? |
thrush |
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What group of drugs are used to treat yeast infections? How do they work? |
-azole drugs. The azole drugs work by inhibiting the synthesis or ergosterol, a molecule essential for the synthesis of fungal and yeast cell membranes. |
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What are the two most common azole drugs? |
miconazole and fluconazole |
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Between miconazole and fluconazole, which works faster? |
fluconazole |
