Pharmacology 49 Drugs Affecting Lower Respiratory System

Front 1

(P) ACYTLCYSTEINE

Back 1

LOWER RESP --> MUCOLYTICS

4:
to liquefy thick secretions 2 cough up

MECH:
splits disulfide bonds that 持old mucous 共ogether

ADVERSES:
Broncho-spasm & -constrict, chest tightness, burning feeling, & rhinorrhea

* give inhaled beta agonist b4 acetylcysteine *

Front 2

(P) ALBUTEROL

Back 2

B2 AGONIST

4:
To Tx bronchospastic dis (asthma)
Stimulates smooth 筋uscle 中n lungs, uterus, and vasculature supplying skeletal 筋uscle

ADVERSES:
tachycardia - (THERE'S Beta-1 CROSSOVER!)

* assess caffeine intake *

* “rescue drug.” *

*Rxs with 他ther sympathomimetic drugs *

* if given IV - you must 呉ive more, and you get systemic affects (cardiac Fx) *

* overuse --> rebound bronchoconstrict *

Front 3

(P) IPRATROPIUM BROMIDE

Back 3

低OWER RESP --> BRONCHODILATOR --> ANTICHOLINERGICS

(PARASYMPATHOLYTIC = breaks Fx 之f PNS)

4:
MAINTENANCE treatment 之f bronchospasm

MECH:
blocks ACh at muscarinic receptors --> LESS BRONCHOCONSTRICT

ADVERSES:
PARADOXIC acute bronchospasm, cough, hoarseness, throat irritation, or dysgeusia (Distortion 之f taste)

CONTRAS:
Sens to atropine

* Preg 猫at B *

* 取ake 毎very 日ay - 平ven without 症ymptoms = prophylactic *

* 可an't have allergy 2 soy, legumes, or soya lechitin *

Front 4

(P) FLUNISOLIDE

Back 4

ANTI-INFLAMMATORY

4:
2 PREVENT asthma attacks/bronchospasm

CONTRAS:
fungal infections

ADVERSES:


* pts must take everyday even without s/s - b/c is to PREVENT *

* Use Beta-2 agonist b-4 to relax twitchy lung smooth muscle = increases effectiveness of flunisolide *

Front 5

(P) CROMOLYN SODIUM

Back 5

MAST CELL STABILIZER --> anti-inflammatory

4:
PREVENT mild-to-moderate asthma

MECH:
inhibit mast cell rupture and degranulation

* administered 中n snorted powder --> adverses *

ADVERSES:
Bronchospasm, throat irritation, and cough

* preg 猫at B

*caution lactose intolerant! *

* cromolyn sodium is 勿ot useful for managing acute 症ymptoms

Front 6

(P) ZAFIRLUKAST

Back 6

LEUKOTRIENE RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST

4:
Prophylaxsis / tx of chronic asthma

ADVERSES:
Headache, gastritis, pharyngitis, and rhinitis

* Take medication on empty stomach *

* Take twice daily despite the absence of symptoms *