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7 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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describe azathioprine & mercaptopurine
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thiopurine immunomodulatory (potent antiinflammatory) drugs (azathioprine is converted to mercaptopurine). both inhibit purine synthesis & gene replication in rapidly dividing cells
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what are the possible side effects of azathioprine & mercaptopurine?
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1. macrocytosis & lymphopenia (don't need to stop therapy)
2. nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, fever, headache, malaise, rash, myalgia, joint pain - can mimic exacerbation of illness 3. impaired liver function, renal function, pancreatitis, bone marrow toxicity, hair loss, skin cancers |
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why should allupurinol be avoided in patients taking azathioprine or mercaptopurine?
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allupurinol inhibits xanthine oxidase, which metabolises azathioprine/mercaptopurine
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what monitoring is needed for patients taking azathioprine or mercaptopurine
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LFTs
FBCs (lymphopenia, bone marrow suppression) |
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cyclosporin mechanism of action
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inhibits cytokine release from activated T cells
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adverse effects of cyclosporin
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most common: reversible renal impairment, hypertension
others: hirsutism, gum hypertrophy, hepatic dysfunction, burning hands & feet, pancreatitis, hyperlipidaemia, oedema, weight gain, haematological disturbances, CNS disturbance (headache, tremor), hyperkalaemia, hypermagnaesemia, hyperuricaemia, increased rate of malignancies |
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what monitoring is needed for cyclosporin?
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baseline FBC, LFT, EUC, fasting lipids, BP
Annual skin check |
