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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Drug class: Antihypertensive Subclass- Adrenergic drugs |
Clonidine Doxazosin Carvedilol Nebivolol |
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Clonidine (Alpha2-Adrenergic receptor agonists) |
Primary Use- Decrease blood pressure, opioid withdrawal management
Routes- Topical, PO
Side effects- Do not discontinue abruptly to avoid rebound hypertension
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Doxazosin (Alpha1 blockers) |
Primary Use- Decrease blood pressure
Prefix or suffix- zosin
Route- PO
Side effects- Extended- release form matrix will be expelled in the stool- drug has still been absorbed |
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Carvedilol (Duel-action Alpha1 and beta receptor blocker)
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Primary Use- Hypertension Mild to Moderate heart failure
Prefix or suffix- ilol
Route- PO
Interactions- pts in cardiogenic shock, pts with decrease heart rate, asthma, or cardiac conduction system issues |
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Nebivolol (Beta receptor blocker) |
Primary Use- Hypertension, heart failure Route- PO Interactions- Do not stop abruptly-taper dose back down over 1-2 weeks |
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Drug class: Antihypertensive Subclass- Ace Inhibitors |
Captopril Enalapril |
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Captopril |
Primary Use- Hypertension, Prevention of left ventricle dilation and heart failure after a heart attack Prefix or suffix- pril Route- PO Side effects- short half life |
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Enalapril |
Primary Use- Hypertension, reduce incidence of heart failure after MI Prefix or suffix- pril Route- PO, IV Side effects- oral form is a prodrug, IV is not |
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Drug class: Antihypertensive (Angiotensin ll receptor blockers) (ARBs) |
Iosartan |
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Iosartan |
Primary Use- Hypertension, heart failure Prefix or suffix- sartan Interactions- pts with renal or hepatic dysfunction |
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Drug class: Antihypertensive Subclass: Vasodilators |
Hydralazine Sodium nitroprusside |
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Hydralazine |
Primary Use- Hypertension, Hypertensive emergencies Route-PO, IV Side effects- hypotension, headache, trachycaria, skin flushing Interactions- pts with CAD, mitral valve dysfunction |
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Sodium nitroprusside |
Primary Use- hypertensive emergencies Route- IV Side effects- bradycardia, decreased platelet aggregation, rash, hypothyroidism, hypotension, methemoglobinemia, cyanide toxicity (in renal insufficient pts or at high doses/ long time) |
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Drug class: Antihypertensive Subclass- miscellaneous Antihypertensive drugs |
Eplerenone Bosentan (Tracleer) Treprostinil |
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Eplerenone |
Primary Use- Hypertension, heart failure Route- PO Interactions- pts with high serum potassium, renal impairment CYP3A4 inhibitors |
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Bosentan (Tracleer) |
Primary Use- Pulmonary artery hypotension for pts with moderate to severe heart failure Route- PO Interactions- pts with liver impairment cyclosporine, glyburide |
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Treprostinil |
Primary Use- Pulmonary artery hypotension for pts with moderate to severe heart failure Route- PO, inhalation, SubQ infusion |
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Drug class: Antianginal drugs Subclass- Nitrates and Nitrites |
isosorbide dinitrate isosorbide mononitrate nitroglycerin |
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isosorbide dinitrate |
Primary Use- broken down into two metabolites that are also active (same therapeutic activity) Angina Route- PO, Sublingual tablets |
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isosorbide mononitrate |
Primary Use- one of the active metabolites of isosorbide dinitrates, no active metabolites itself, Agina Route- PO |
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Nitroglycerin (abbreviated NTG or TNG) |
Primary Use- ischemic heart conditions including angina, chest pain, acute angina, Prevention of angina in situations likely to cause attack, Hypertension, ischemic pain, heart failure, pulmonary edema with MI Route- PO (large first pass effect), sublingual tablet and aerosol, IV, topical |
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Drug class: Antianginal Subclass- Beta blockers |
Atenolol Metoprolol |
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Atenolol |
Primary Use- Prophylactic treatment of angina, After MI to decrease mortality Prefix or suffix- olol Route- PO |
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Metoprolol |
Primary Use- Prophylactic treatment of angina, After MI to decrease mortality, Hypertension Prefix or suffix- olol Route- PO, injectable (IV) |
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Drug class: Antianginal Subclass- calcium channel blockers |
Diltiazem Amlodipine |
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Diltiazem |
Primary Use- *benzothiazepine Angina pectoris ( due to coronary insufficiency and hypertension) Atrial fibrillation and flutter Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia Route- Parenteral (IV), PO |
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Amlodipine |
Primary Use- * dihydropyridine Angina, Hypertension Route- PO |
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Drug class: Antianginal Subclass- miscellaneous |
Ranolazine (Ranexa) |
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Ranolazine (Ranexa) |
Primary Use- Angina (when other Antianginal drugs aren't effective) Route- PO Interactions- pts with QT prolongation CYP3A4 inhibitors Ketoconazole verapamil |
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Drug class: Heart failure drugs |
. |
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Lisinopril (ACE inhibitors) |
Primary Use- Hypertension, heart failure, acute myocardial infarction
Prefix or suffix- pril
Route- PO
Side effects- Hyperkalemia, dry cough, decrease in renal function
Interactions- potassium supplements, potassium sparing diuretics |
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Valsartan (Angiotensin 'll receptor blockers) |
Primary Use- Hypertension, heart failure Prefix or suffix- sartan Route- PO Side effects- similar to lisinopril, except less likely to cause cough or hyperkalemia |
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Hydralazine/isosorbide dinitrate (BiDil) (Miscellaneous heart failure drugs) |
Primary Use- heart failure in African Americans Route-PO |
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Dobutamine (Miscellaneous heart failure drugs) |
Primary Use- Beta1- selective agonist, similar to dopamine Stimulates heart muscle, increases cardiac output by increasing contractility, heart failure Route- IV |
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Nesiritide (B-type Natriuretic peptide) |
Primary Use- severe, life-threatening heart failure Route- IV Side effects- Hypertension, cardiac dysrhythmias, insomnia, headache, abdominal pain Interactions- pts with low cardiac filling pressures ACE inhibitors, diuretics |
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Milrinone (Phosphodiesrerase inhibitors) |
Primary Use- acute heart failure (short-term management) Route- IV Side effects -dysrhythmias, hypotension, angina, hypokalemia, tremor, thrombocytopenia, elevated liver enzymes Interactions- diuretics, digoxin, furosemide (precipitates) |
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Digoxin (Cardiac Glycosides) |
Primary Use- heart failure, atrial fibrillation and flutter Route- PO, injectable (IV) Interactions- pts with ventricular trachycaria and fibrillation amiodarone, quinidine, verapamil |
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Digoxin immune Fab (Cardiac glycosides) |
Primary Use- Antidote for severe digoxin overdose, reverses life-threatening cardiotoxic effects Route-IV |
