Pharmacology

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antagonist

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drug that binds to its recptor and prevents other drugs or substances from producing an effect

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generic name

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nonproprietary, or common, name of a drug

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Agonist

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drug that binds to its receptor and produces a drug action

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Drug dependence

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condition of reliance on the use of a particular drug characterized as physical and/or psychological dependence

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Adverse Effect

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general term for undesirable and potentially harmful drug effect

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Schedule 3 drug

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Drug with moderate abuse potential and accepted medical uses

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Drug microsomal metabolizing system (DMMS)

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group of enzymes located primarily in th eliver that function to metabolize (biotransform) drugs

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Loading dose

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initial drug dose administered to rapidly achieve therapeutic levels

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Bioavailability

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percentage of the drug dosage that is absorbed

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mechanism of action

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explanation of how a drug produces its effect

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Intravenous injection IV

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drug is injected into the vein

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Drug

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chemical substance that produces a change in body fuction

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Drug distribution

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pasage of a drug from the blood to the tissues and organs of the body

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Trade name

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patened proprietary name of a drug sold by a specific drug manufacturer

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ED50

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effective dose 50, or dose that will produce an effect that is half of the maximal response

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Drug absorption

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entrance of a drug into the bloodstream from its site of administration

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Parenteral administration

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route of drug administration that does not involve the gastointestinal tract GI

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Receptor

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specific location on a cell membrane or within the cell where the drug attaches toproduce its effect

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Mantinence dose

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dose administered to maintain drug levels in the therapeutic range

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Schedule V Drug

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drug with limited abuse potential and accepted medical use

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Drug Indications

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intended or indicated uses for any drug

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chemical name

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name that defines the chemical composition of a drug

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Enzyme induction

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increase in the amount of drug-metaboizing enzymes after repeated administration of certain drugs

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Side effect

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drug effect other than the therapeutic effect that is usually undesirable but not harmful

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LD50

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lethal dose 50, or a dose that will kill 50% of the animals tested

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Half-life

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time required for the body to rid itself of half of the drug dosage that was absorbed (percent bioavailability)

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Site of action

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location within the body where a drug exerts its therapeutic effect, often a type of receptor

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Dose

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exact amount of a drug that is administered in order to produce a specific effect

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Therapeutic effect

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desired drug effect to alleviate some condition or symptom of disease

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Contraindications

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situations or conditions when a certain drug should not be administered

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Schedule 1 Drug

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drug with a high abuse potential with no accepted medical use

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Schedule IV Drug

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drug with limited abuse potential and accepted medical uses

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Drug addiction

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condition of a drug abuse and drug dependence that is characterized by compulsive drug behavior

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Individual variation

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difference in the effects of drugs and drug dosages from one person to another due to genetics

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Toxic effect

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undesirable drug effect that implies drug poisoning, can be harmful or life threatening

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Therapeutic index (TI)

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ratio of the LD50 to the ED50

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Potency

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measure of the strength, or concentration, of a drug required to produce a specific effect

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Controlled substance

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drug that has the potential for abuse and thus is regulated by law

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Schedule 2 Drug

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drug with high abuse potential and some accepted medical uses

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Intramuscular injection IM

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route of drug administration, drug is injected into the gluteal or deltoid muscles