Pharmacology 2 Immunomodulators

Front 1

What is the mechanism of action of cyclosporine A

Back 1

Complexes with cyclophilin to inhibit calcineurin thereby decreasing IL-2, which is the main inducer for activation of T lymphocytes

Front 2

What are the main therapeutic indications of cyclosporine A

Back 2

Prevention of organ rejection in heart, kidney, and liver transplants

Front 3

What are the adverse effects of cyclosporine A

Back 3

Nephrotoxicity
Hepatotoxicity
CMV infections
Hypertension
Hyperkalemia
Hirsutism
Glucose intolerance
Gingival hyperplasia
Tremor
Upper respiratory infections
Anemia
Leukopenia
Thrombocytopenia

Hint 3

None

Front 4

Name three medications that can cause gingival hyperplasia

Back 4

Cyclosporin; Phenytoin; Nifedipine

Front 5

What major hepatic enzyme metabolizes cyclosporine A

Back 5

CYP 3A4

Front 6

Cyclosporine A becomes more effective as an immunosuppressant when combined with what class of drugs

Back 6

Glucocorticoids

Front 7

FK506 is also known as what

Back 7

Tacrolimus

Front 8

What are the main therapeutic indications of tacrolimus

Back 8

Prevention of organ rejection in liver and kidney transplants

Front 9

What is the mechanism of action of tacrolimus

Back 9

Inhibits calcineurin by binding to FK binding protein (FKBP) rather than cyclophilin

Front 10

What are the adverse effects of tacrolimus

Back 10

Nephrotoxicity; neurotoxicity; hypertension; headache; tremor; rash; hyperglycemia; hyperkalemia; anemia; leukocytosis; thrombocytopenia

Front 11

Which murine monoclonal antibody interferes with T-lymphocyte function by binding to CD3 glycoprotein

Back 11

Muromonab-CD3 (OKT3)

Front 12

Which immunosuppressant is a derivative of 6-mercaptopurine, antagonizes purine metabolism, and is cytotoxic to lymphocytes

Back 12

Azathioprine

Front 13

Which immunosuppressant inhibits inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase thereby inhibiting de novo guanosine nucleotide synthesis

Back 13

Mycophenolate mofetil