Pharmacology 2

Front 1

hemocholinium

Back 1

blocks choline transport into neuron

Front 2

vesamicol

Back 2

blocks ACh vesicular storage

Front 3

a latrotoxin

Back 3

stim ACh vesicle release, black widow venom

Front 4

botulism toxin

Back 4

blocks vesicle exocytosis

Front 5

snake venoms

Back 5

a bungarotoxin-NMJ R binder
fasciculins- AChE inh
muscarinic toxins-M agonists

Front 6

ACh

Back 6

choline ester, M+N, miosis for surgery

Front 7

Bethanecol

Back 7

choline ester, M only, treats urinary retention

Front 8

Carbachol

Back 8

choline ester, M+N, treats glaucoma

Front 9

Plant Alkaloids Cholinergic Agonists

Back 9

Muscarine-no use
Nicotine-smoking cessation
Pilocarpine-M>N, treats glaucoma and xerostomia

Front 10

Cevimeline

Back 10

M agonist, for glaucoma and xerostomia

Front 11

Donepezil

Back 11

reversible AChEinh for alzheimers b/c crosses bbb

Front 12

Edrophonium

Back 12

reversible AChEinh-only lasts minutes, for diagnosing myasthernia gravis and paroxysmal supraventricular tacchycardia...risk of cholinergic crisis where have prolonged depolarization of skeletal mm

Front 13

Neostigmine
Physostigmine
Pyridostigmine

Back 13

reversible AChEinh, physostigmine is only tertiary one-can use that one for glaucoma..others use for curare toxicity, myasthenia gravis

Front 14

Echothiophate

Back 14

irreversible AChEinh. For glaucoma and accomadative esotropia/strabismis

Front 15

Isoflurophate

Back 15

irreversible AChEinh. For glaucoma

Front 16

Malathion

Back 16

irreversible AChEinh- for pediculosis

Front 17

Pralidoxime

Back 17

regenerates cholinesterase if given before "aging", use in conjxn with atropine for organophosphate tox

Front 18

Sildenafil
Tadalafil
Vardenafil

Back 18

5-PDEinh, avoid with nitrates and other hypotensives, tadalafil has longest half life. Are metab by CYP3A4

Front 19

Atropine

Back 19

belladonna alkaloid/M antagonist

Front 20

Scopolamine

Back 20

belladonna alkaloid/M antagonist, for motion sickness

Front 21

Hyoscyamine

Back 21

belladonna alkaloid/M antagonist
nonracemer of atropine

Front 22

homatropine

Back 22

M antagonist-tertiary

Front 23

propantheline

Back 23

M antagonist-quaternary

Front 24

Ipatropium
Tiotropium

Back 24

M antagonist-deliverd by inhalation for COPD, not absorbed into bloodstream

Front 25

Pirenzepine

Back 25

M1 antagonist-inhibits his release for peptic ulcers

Front 26

Dicyclamine

Back 26

M3 antagonist-for irritable bowel syndrome

Front 27

Glycopyrrolate

Back 27

M antagonist-block vagal bradycardia

Front 28

Tropicamide

Back 28

M antagonist, to have short term mydriasis

Front 29

Oxybutynin

Back 29

M antagonist-for overactive bladder

Front 30

Solifenacin

Back 30

M antagonist-for overactive bladder

Front 31

tolterodine

Back 31

M antagonist-for overactive bladder

Front 32

hexamethonium

Back 32

ganglionic N antagonist
nondepolarizing

Front 33

pentolinium

Back 33

ganglionic N antagonist
nondepolarizing

Front 34

trimethaphan

Back 34

ganglionic N antagonist
nondepolarizing

Front 35

mecamylamine

Back 35

ganglionic N antagonist
nondepolarizing

Front 36

Nicotine

Back 36

ganglionic N antagonist
depolarizing

Front 37

Tubocurarine

Back 37

Nondepolarizing NMJ blocker
also stim hist release and act as ganglionic blocker

Front 38

Pancuronium

Back 38

Nondepolarizing NMJ blocker
less histamine release

Front 39

Atracurium

Back 39

Nondepolarizing NMJ blocker
less histamine release, laudanosine product can cause seizures

Front 40

Vecuronium

Back 40

Nondepolarizing NMJ blocker
less histamine release, liver excretes

Front 41

Succinylcholine

Back 41

Depolarizing NMJ blocker
short acting paralysis-fasciculations. First screen for atypical pseudocholinesterase, can lead to histamine release, ganglionic stim, mm pain, and malignant hyperthermia

Front 42

Dantrolene

Back 42

mm relaxant by decreasing Ca release from SR, used for malignant hyperthermia, can be hepatotoxic.

Front 43

Dobutamine

Back 43

Catecholamine-mostly B1

Front 44

Dopamine

Back 44

Catecholamine-
low dose decrease PVR-D1R
high dose increase PVR-a1R

Front 45

Epinephrine

Back 45

Catecholamine-affinity for all
low dose-B2 dilation BV
high dose-a1 constriction BV
use:asthma, anaphylaxis, glaucoma

Front 46

Isoproteronol

Back 46

Catecholamine-only B
vasodilation and cardiac stim

Front 47

Norepinephrine

Back 47

Catecholamine-all except B2
constricts BV->reflex bradycardia

Front 48

Albuterol

Back 48

NonCatecholamine-B2-for asthma

Front 49

Clonidine

Back 49

NonCatecholamine-a2

Front 50

Midodrine

Back 50

NonCatecholamine-a1-
can lead to postural hypotension

Front 51

Methoxamine

Back 51

NonCatecholamine-a1-
can lead to postural hypotension

Front 52

Phenylephrine

Back 52

NonCatecholamine-a1-
reflex bradycardia
Topical-vasoconstriction
Oral-nasal decongestant

Front 53

Ritodrine

Back 53

NonCatecholamine-B2- for preterm labor

Front 54

Terbutaline

Back 54

NonCatecholamine-B2-for preterm labor and asthma

Front 55

Metaproteronol

Back 55

NonCatecholamine-B2-for preterm labor and asthma

Front 56

Tyramine/Amphetamine

Back 56

Indirect adrenergic agonist
inhibit storage of NE into vesicles so NE goes out into synapse via catecholamine transporter

Front 57

Cocaine

Back 57

Indirect adrenergic agonist
binds catecholamine transporter and blocks reuptake.
Is also a local anasthetic

Front 58

Ephedrine/Pseudoephedrine

Back 58

Mixed acting adrenergic agonist
long duration and well absorbed, nasal decongestant

Front 59

Metaraminol

Back 59

Mixed acting adrenergic agonist
direct a1,2, indirect NE release

Front 60

Phenoxybenzamine

Back 60

nonselective a blocker, noncompetetive=sympathectomy
decreases BP in pheochromocytoma

Front 61

Phentolamine

Back 61

nonselective a blocker, competetive
for pheochromocytoma and dermal ischemia from Epi extravasation

Front 62

Selective a1 blocker(4)
Treats (3)
Adv

Back 62

Prazosin, terazosin, doxazosin, tamulosin
Treats HTN, Urinary Retention, BPH
Adv-nasal congestion, 1st dose syncope, hypotension

Front 63

Propanolol

Back 63

nonselective B blocker-w/MSA

Front 64

Timolol

Back 64

nonselective B blocker

Front 65

Nadolol

Back 65

nonselective B blocker

Front 66

Pindolol

Back 66

nonselective B blocker-w/ MSA and ISA-less reduction in HR-only used for HTN

Front 67

Atenolol

Back 67

selective B1 blocker

Front 68

Metoprolol

Back 68

selective B1 blocker

Front 69

Acebutolol

Back 69

selective B1 blocker-w/ISA

Front 70

Labetatol

Back 70

B1,2,a1 blocker-less vasoconstriction than pure B blockers, good for people w/HTN who cant tolerate an increase in PVR

Front 71

Carvedilol

Back 71

B1,2,a1 blocker and antioxidant
great for MI, HTN, heart failure

Front 72

Reserpine

Back 72

decreases storage NE

Front 73

Guanethidine

Back 73

decrease release of NE

Front 74

Ester Type Local Anasthetics(4)
characteristics(1)
metab in

Back 74

Cocaine, Procaine, Chloroprocaine, benzocaine
form PABA
metab in plasma and tissue

Front 75

Amide Type Local Anasthetics
metab in

Back 75

Lidocaine, Etidocaine, bupivacaine, prilocaine-toxic metab leads to methemoglobinemia
metab in liver

Front 76

Toxins bind to Na channels

Back 76

tetrodotoxin, saxitoxin(red tide), scorpion venom