Pharmacology Ch. 1 & 33(Fund)- Finished

Front 1

Adverse reaction

Back 1

Undesirable drug effect

Front 2

Allergic reaction

Back 2

Immediate hypersensitive reaction by the immune system

Front 3

Anaphylactic shock

Back 3

Sudden, severe hypersensitive reaction with symptoms that progress rapidly and may result in death

Front 4

Absorption

Back 4

A drug is moved from site of administration to body fluids; first process during pharmacokinetics

Front 5

Angioedema

Back 5

Localized wheals or swelling in subcutaneous Tissues or mucous membranes, which may be due to an allergic response

Front 6

Controlled substances

Back 6

Drugs that have the potential for abuse or dependency

Front 7

Cumulative drug effect

Back 7

When the body is unable to metabolize and excrete one dose of a drug before the next is given

Front 8

Distribution

Back 8

Drug moves from circulation to body tissue or a Target site

Front 9

Drug idiosyncrasy

Back 9

Any unusual or abnormal response that differs from the the response normally expected to a specific drug or dosage

Front 10

Drug tolerance

Back 10

Decreased response to a drug, requesting an increase in dosage to achieve to be desired effect

Front 11

First pass effect

Back 11

Action by which an oral drug is absorbed and carried directly to the liver, where it is inactivated by enzymes before it enters the blood stream

Front 12

Half life

Back 12

Time required for the body to eliminate 50% of a drug

Front 13

Hypersensitivity

Back 13

Undesirable reaction produced by a normal immune system

Front 14

Metabolite

Back 14

Drug is changed to a form that can be excreted

Front 15

Pharmaceutic

Back 15

Pertaining to the phase during which a drug dissolved in the body

Front 16

Pharmacodynamics

Back 16

Study of the drug mechanisms that produced biochemical or physiologic changes in the body

Front 17

Pharmacokinetics

Back 17

Study of drug transit or activity after adminstration

Front 18

Receptor

Back 18

A reactive site on the surface of a cell; when a drug binds to and interacts with the receptor, a pharmacologic response occurs

Front 19

Teratogen

Back 19

Drug or substance that causes about abnormal development of the fetus, leading to deformities

Front 20

The study of drugs and their action on living organism

Back 20

Pharmacology

Front 21

What could impair ability to metabolize or detoxify a drug

Back 21

Liver disease

Front 22

An effect greater than the sum of the separate actions of two or more drugs is called what

Back 22

Synergistic drug effect

Front 23

Term that means comfort

Back 23

Palliative

Front 24

Back 24

Base line conversion

Front 25

Absorption > distribution > metabolism > excretion

Back 25

Pharmacokinetic phase

Front 26

Solid form (tablet/capsule) dissolves > liquid form

Back 26

Pharmaceutic phase

Front 27

What deals with the drug actions and effects in the body?

Back 27

Pharmacodynamics

Front 28

Phase the drug dissolves?

Back 28

Pharmaceutic phase

Front 29

What may affect absorption?

Back 29

The first pass effect

Front 30

When mixing of a drug and another substance, causes the drug to become more powerful, possibly leading to death

Example : hypnotic and alcohol

Back 30

Synergistic drug reaction

Front 31

When taking one drug interferes with the action of another drug, it's called what?

Back 31

Antagonistic drug reaction

Front 32

What weight are general dosages based on?

Back 32

170lbs

Front 33

What route produces the most rapid drug reaction?

Back 33

Intravenous

Front 34

How are drug classified? (2)

Back 34

By use (anti-inflammatory/ antihistamines)

By their potential to be harmful (prescription/controlled)

Front 35

PH of gastric acid is higher

Back 35

Drug response in child

Front 36

Less protein> less binding of a drug

Back 36

Drug response in child

Front 37

Greater amount of circulating a drug

Back 37

Drug response in child

Front 38

Natural, synthetic, semi-synthetic, biotechnology

Back 38

Sources of drugs

Front 39

Schedule 1 drugs are

Back 39

High abuse potential

Front 40

Schedule V drugs are

Back 40

Lowest risk for abuse

Front 41

When did the controlled substance act become finalized?

Back 41

1970

Front 42

SR

Back 42

Slow release

Front 43

What in our blood determines how hard a drug hits us and how long it lasts

Back 43

Our albumin levels

Front 44

Where's the primary site if drug metabolism?

Back 44

Liver

Front 45

A percentage of the drug binds with the protein albumin in the blood stream

Back 45

Protein binding effect

Front 46

Short half life

Back 46

2-4hrs

Front 47

Long half life

Back 47

21-24hrs

Front 48

OD

Back 48

Given in right eye

Front 49

OS

Back 49

Given in left eye

Front 50

OU

Back 50

Given in both eyes

Front 51

qd

Back 51

Once a day

Front 52

b.i.d

Back 52

Twice a day

Front 53

t.i.d

Back 53

Three times a day

Front 54

q.i.d

Back 54

Four times a day

Front 55

q.h.s

Back 55

Before bed

Front 56

q.o.d

Back 56

Every other day

Front 57

a.c.

Back 57

Before meals

Front 58

p.c.

Back 58

After meals

Front 59

Have not shown any hard to pregnancy

Back 59

Category A

Front 60

Animal studies haven't shown negative effects, but no studies on pregnant women have been conducted

Back 60

Category B

Front 61

Animal studies have shown risk to fetus

Back 61

Category C

Front 62

Studies have shown there's a risk to fetus- only to use in emergency situations where the threat outweighs the risk

Back 62

Category D

Front 63

Fetus abnormalities are almost guaranteed

Back 63

Category X

Front 64

Drug is not classified by the FDA

Back 64

Category N

Front 65

ADR stands for

Back 65

Adverse drug reaction

Front 66

MAR stands for

Back 66

Medication administration record

Front 67

One drug modified the action of another

Back 67

Drug interactions

Front 68

Adequate fluid intake in vital for patients to eliminate drugs properly. What amount is recommended?

Back 68

50mL/kg/day

Front 69

Lowest concentration of drugs in the system is called?

Back 69

Trough levels

Front 70

Highest concentration of drugs in the system is called what?

Back 70

Peak

Front 71

Drugs that produce a response are called?

Back 71

Agonists

Front 72

Drugs that block a response are called?

Back 72

Antagonists

Front 73

Serious side effects are in the________ on warning labels

Back 73

Black Box

Front 74

SL stands for

Back 74

Sublingual to place under the tongue

Front 75

Medication is injected into the intrathecal space of spinal column

Back 75

Intrathecal

Front 76

Right drug

Right dose

Right route

Right time

Right patient

Right documentation

Back 76

Six Rights

Front 77

Elderly often have decrease albumin, causing an increase in unbound drug in circulation. What could this lead to?

Back 77

Toxicity

Front 78

Most drugs are metabolized by the liver and exerted by the _____

Back 78

Kidneys

Front 79

Intended effect is the

Back 79

Primary

Front 80

Unintended or side effect is the

Back 80

Secondary

Front 81

Stimulation or depression,

Replacement,

Inhibition or killing,

Irritation

Back 81

Four types of drug actions

Front 82

When medication is given to children, what is the dose based on?

Back 82

Age and weight