Pharmacological Calculations

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Roman numerals

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ss - 1/2
I 1
V 5
X 10
L 50
C 100
D 500
M 1000

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Numerals Table

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Common Latin names 1

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Common Latin names 2

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Common Latin names 3

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Common Latin names 4

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2 gtt q2h OD for 3 days

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These instructions as used on a prescription for Ciloxan would be interpreted as follows: two drops every 2 hours instilled in the right eye for 3 days.

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1 tab po BID for 14 days

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These instructions as used on a prescription for doxycycline would be interpreted as follows: one tablet by mouth two times per day for 14 days

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1 gt QID OU for 7 days, then BID for 14 days, for itchy eyes SHAKE

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These instructions as used on a prescription for Livostin (levocabastine HCl, Ciba Vision Ophthalmics) would be interpreted as follows: one drop of Livostin four times per day in each eye for 7 days and then decreased to two times per day for 14 days, for itchy eyes caused by allergies; shake drops before use.

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sample prescription

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Time of administration

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Routes of administration

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metric weight and volume

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Example of conversion

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How many milliliters must be injected from an ampule of
Prochlorperazine labeled "10 mg/2 ml" in order to administer a dose of 7.5 mg?
(1) Step 1. If there are 10 mg of drug per 2 ml, then there are 7.5 mg of drug
per X ml.
(2) Step 2. IF 10 mg THEN 7.5 mg
2 ml = X ml
(3) Step 3. 10 X = 2 7.5
(4) Step 4. 10X = 15
(5) Solve for X.
10X = 15
10 10
X = 1.5 ml (answer) [15 divided by 10 is 1.5]

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Unit conversion

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micro (mc, ) = 1/1,000,000
milli (m) = 1/1000
centi (c) = 1/100
Deci (d) = 1/10
deka (dk) = 10
hecto (h) = 100
kilo (k) = 1000

For example, a milliliter (ml) is equal to 1000 of a liter (l). A kilogram (kg)

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Percentage solutions

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(a) Mixtures of solids are weight in weight (w/w).
(b) Solids in liquids are weight in volume (w/v).
(c) Liquids in liquids are volume in volume (v/v).
(d) Gases in liquids are weight in volume (w/v).

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Isopropyl Alcohol Solution

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Isopropyl alcohol is widely used in a 70 percent concentration as an antiseptic disinfectant
Fill container (pt, qt, or gal) approximately three-fourths full with 99 percent isopropyl alcohol.
b. Using distilled water, finish filling container to mark. The finished product is 70 percent to 75 percent isopropyl alcohol, which is suitable for field use.

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example conversion

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Antibiotic solution dose

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