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9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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CYP2D6: debrisoquin-sparteine polymorphism
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metabolizes Codeine to active Morphine, also metablizes beta blockers, tricyclic antidepressants, dextromethorphan. .///
7% slow metablizers. So, slow effect of codeine on them. 30% east african fast metabolizers |
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CYP2C19
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slow metabolizers in Asian population..//substrate: omeprazole, phenytoin, diazepam etc. /// Omeprazole is proton pump inhib. so beneficial against H. pylori
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CYP2C9
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slow metabolizers: enhance effects of S. Warfarin, phenytoin and Losartan. CYP2C9 is the primary metabolizer of Warfarin and hence these pts are oversensitive to this drug.
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CYP1A2
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eliminates caffeine slowly
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Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase
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metabolizes 5-fluorouracil., can result in neurotoxicity
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psuedocholinesterase
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succinylcholine sensitity. >>> prolong action. Rare in asians and Africans.
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N-Acytylation (NAT-2)
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a Phase II reactant, acytylate isoniazid (INH), procainamide, sulfonamides, histamines etc.//
Slow metabolizers increases neurtotoxicity, chemical carcinogens from smoke, increased risk of bladder cancer. // fast acytylators increased risk for colon cancer |
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Thiopurine methyl transferase (TPMT)
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Thiopurine metabolized to active form, 6-thioguanine and inactivated by TPMT. So slow metabolizers end up with elevated 6-thioguanine, resulting in life-threatening myeolosupression.
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Others
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MDR-1.///
Beta 2 adr. Receptor: Arg/Arg in venodilation desensitizes very quickly, but gives increased bronchodilator response relative to Gly/Gly or Arg/Gly. // VKORC1: mutation causes insensitity to Warfarin, requiring more drugs. |
