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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Type of analysis that measures costs and benefits in pecuniary units and computes a net monetary gain/loss or a cost-benefit ratio
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Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA)
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Type of analysis that compares drugs or programs having a common health outcome (i.e. reduction of blood pressure, life years saved) in a situation where, fore a given level of resources, the decision maker wishes to maximise the health benefits conferred to the population of concern
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Cost-effectiveness Analysis (CEA)
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Type of analysis that finds the least costly program among those shown or assumed to be of equal benefit
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Cost minimization analysis (CMA)
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Study of analysis that measures benefits in utility-weighted life-years (QALYs); computes a cost per utility-measure ratio for comparison between programs
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Cost-utility analysis
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An explicit quantitative approach for prescribing decisions under conditions of uncertainty.
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Decision Analysis
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Fixed and variable costs associated directly with a healthcare intervention. (i.e. physiscian salaries)
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Direct medical costs
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A nonmedical cost associated with provisiosn of medical services (transportation)
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Direct nonmedical cost
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Cost of medical treatment (in life years) gained through an earlier intervention
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Indirect medical cost
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Cost associated with reduced productivity due to illness, disability, or death
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Indirect nonmedical cost (productivity cost)
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The cost of pain and suffering occurring as a result of illness or treatment
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Intangible cost
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A process through which the robustness of an economic model is assessed by examining the changes in results of the analysis when key variables are varied over a specified range.
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Sensitivity Analysis
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Output values are equal between alternative treatments
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CMA
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Emphasizes patient preferences, quality of life, quality adjusted life years, time trade off or standard gamble.
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CUA
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Additional cost incurred by increasing the scale of a program (usually differs from average cost)
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Marginal Analysis
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Value foregone, associated with the next best use of a possible investment.
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Opportunity Cost
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Calculation of health benefits in terms of increased productivity.
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Human Capital Method
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Benefit (in monetary units) minus costs (in monetary units); a basic decision criterion in CBA.
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Net Benefit
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Method of calculating the increased cost effectiveness ratio of a new intervention compared to an existing, standard intervention
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Incremental Analysis
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Type of retrospective study design in epidemiology
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Case Control
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Type of prospective study design in epidemiology
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Cohort
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Type of statistical value used in retrospective studies in epidemiology
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O.R.
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Type of number helpful in understanding how many patients are required to show a difference.
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NNT
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Type of statistical value used in prospecitive studies in epidemiology
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RR
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