Pharmacodynamics Lehne

Front 1

study of what drugs do to the body and how they do it

Back 1

pharmacodynamics

Front 2

4 reasons nurses need a basic understanding of pharmacokinetics

Back 2

-educate pt & fam
-make PRN decisions
-evaluate pt for drug responses (beneficial/harmful)
-when questioning doctor about drug therapy- back up your reasoning with logic

Front 3

largest effect a drug produces, indicated by height of dose-response curve

Back 3

maximal efficacy

Front 4

why is it not necessarily desirable to use a drug with a maximal efficacy

Back 4

you want to match the intensity of reponse to the patients needs

Front 5

amount of drug we must give to elicit an effect

Back 5

potency

Front 6

difference between potency and maximal efficacy

Back 6

one drug can be more effective although another can be more potent AND some drugs regardless of the potency achieve same level of effectiveness

Front 7

special chemicals in the body that most drugs interact w/to produce effects

Back 7

drug receptor

Front 8

any functional macromolecule in a cell to which a drug binds to, to produce its effect

Back 8

drug receptor

Front 9

5 macromolecules, receptors or target molecules, where drugs may bind to cause a response

Back 9

hormones,neurotransmitters, regulatory molecules, enzymes, ribosomes

Front 10

produces or originating from w/in a cell or organism, concerning spore formation w/in bacterial cell

Back 10

endogenous

Front 11

receptor are normal points of control of physiologic process

Back 11

important properties of receptors & drug-receptors interactions

Front 12

regulated by molecules supplied by the body

Back 12

important properties of receptors & drug-receptors interactions

Front 13

mimic or block body's own regulatory molecules

Back 13

important properties of receptors & drug-receptors interactions

Front 14

drug can't give cells new function, can only alter rate of pre-existing process

Back 14

important properties of receptors & drug-receptors interactions

Front 15

drugs can't make body do anything it isnt already capable of doing

Back 15

important properties of receptors & drug-receptors interactions

Front 16

meds simply help the body help itself

Back 16

important properties of receptors & drug-receptors interactions

Front 17

explain selectivity of a drug

Back 17

drug will do what it is intended to/for w/o side effects

Front 18

how does selectivity relate to potential side effects of drugs

Back 18

if a drug is highly selective or more selective the less side effects

Front 19

drug fits good w/receptor

Back 19

good efficacy , good response

Front 20

drug fits ok w/receptor

Back 20

mild side effects

Front 21

drug fits somewhat ok w/receptor

Back 21

stronger side effects

Front 22

intesity of response to drug proportional to number of receptors occupied by that drug

Back 22

principle of simple occupancy theory of drug-receptor interaction

Front 23

maximal response will occur when all available receptors have been occupied

Back 23

principle of simple occupancy theory of drup-receptor interaction

Front 24

two terms related to assumptions of the modified occupancy theory

Back 24

affinity & intrinsic activity

Front 25

the strength of the attraction between a drug & its receptor

Back 25

affinity

Front 26

ability of drug to activate the receptor following binding

Back 26

intrinsic activity

Front 27

drugs with a high affinity for a receptor

Back 27

drugs w/high infinity are very potent

Front 28

drugs with a high intrinsic activity

Back 28

drugs w/high intrinsic activity have maximal efficacy

Front 29

molecules that activate receptors

Back 29

agonist

Front 30

finds receptor and does something good

Back 30

agonist

Front 31

mimic bodys own regulatory molecules

Back 31

agonist

Front 32

drug binds to receptor & no effect, or prevents something from being done

Back 32

antagonist

Front 33

produce their effects by preventing receptor activation by endogenous regulatory molecules & drugs

Back 33

antagonist

Front 34

an agonist that has only moderate intrinsic activity

Back 34

partial agonist

Front 35

the maximal effect that a partial agonist can produce

Back 35

lower than that of a full agonist

Front 36

in terms of modified occupancy theory, an agonist is

Back 36

a drug that has both affinity & high intrinsic activity

Front 37

affinity allows agonist to

Back 37

bind to receptors

Front 38

intrinsic activity allows the bound agonist to

Back 38

activate/turn on receptor function

Front 39

in terms of modified occupancy theory, an antagonist is

Back 39

a drug that has inifinity but no intrinsic activity

Front 40

affinity allows antagonist to

Back 40

bind to receptors

Front 41

a bound antagonists lack of intrinsic activity prevents

Back 41

the bound antagonist from causing receptor activation

Front 42

type of response an antagonist may cause if no agonist is present or active

Back 42

administration of an antagonist will have no observable effect, the drug will bind to receptor but nothing will happen

Front 43

can act as agonist as well as antagonist

Back 43

partial agonist

Front 44

partial agonist acts as an agonist when

Back 44

it's given alone, note it provides only moderate intrinsic activity (relief)

Front 45

partial agonist acts as an antagonist when

Back 45

replaces a full agonist attached to the receptor, because partial agonist dose was larger

Front 46

when partial agonist replaces the full agonist it

Back 46

acts like an agonist by only giving moderate relief and an antagonist by blocking the full agonist from giving high degree of relief

Front 47

drugs with a high therapeutic index

Back 47

are safe

Front 48

another way drugs may cause an action if they dont bind to receptors

Back 48

some drugs act thru simple physical/chemical interactions w/other small molecules rather than receptors

Front 49

a measure of a drugs safety

Back 49

therapeutic index

Front 50

LD50 (avg lethal dose)

Back 50

the dose that is lethal to 50% of animals treated

Front 51

drugs with a low therapeutic index

Back 51

are not safe

Front 52

ED50 (avg effective dose)

Back 52

the dose that is required to produce a defined therapeutic response in 50% of the population

Front 53

a narrow therapeutic range would indicate a

Back 53

low therapeutic index

Front 54

a wide therapeutic range would indicate a

Back 54

high therapeutic index