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35 Cards in this Set
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- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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antifungals
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Alter the cell wall of fungi or disrupt enzyme activity, resulting in cell death.
Used to treat ringworm, athlete's foot, and onychomycosis. |
nystatin - Mycostatin, Nyston
itraconazole - Sporanox |
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antihistamines
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Inhibit allergic reaction of inflammation, redness, and itching caused by the release of histamine.
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diphenhydramine - Benadryl
loratadine - Claritin |
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antiseptics
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Topically applied agents that inhibit growth of bacteria, thus preventing infections in cuts, scratches, and surgical incisions.
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ehtyl or isoprpyl alcohol
hydrogen peroxide |
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corticosteroids
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Decrease inflammation and itching by suppressing the immune system's inflammatory response to tissue damage.
Topicals are used to treat contact dermatitis, poison ivy, insect bites, psoriasis, seborrhea, and eczema. Orals prescribes for severe widespread inflammation or itching. |
hydrocortisone - Certacort, Cortaid
triamcinolone - Azmacort, Kenalog |
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keratolytics
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Destroy and soften the outer layer of skin so that it is sloughed off or shed.
Strong ones remove warts and corns and aid in the penetration of anti fungal drugs. Mild promote shedding of scales and crusts in dry skinned conditions. Weak irritate inflamed skin acting as a tonic to accelerate healing. |
tretinoin - Retin-A, Vesanoid
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parasiticides
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Kill insects, such as mites and lice. Applied as a cream or lotion for the body and as a shampoo for the scalp.
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lindane - Kwell, Thion
permethrin - Nix |
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protectives
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Cover, cool, dry, and soothe inflamed skin. Allows natural healing process by protecting skin from air, water, and clothing.
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lotions - Cetaphil
ointments - Vaseline |
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topical anesthetics
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Block sensation of pain by numbing the skin layer and mucous membrane. Administered directly by means of sprays, creams. They provide temporary relief of minor burns, sunburns, rashes, and insect bites.
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lidocaine - Xylocaine
procaine - Novocain |
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a.c.
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before meals
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b.i.d.
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twice a day
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hs
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half strength
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h.s.
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at bedtime
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NPO
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nothing by mouth
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pc, p.c.
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after meals
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p.o.
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by mouth
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p.r.n
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as required
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qAM
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every morning
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q.d.
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every day
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q.h.
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every hour
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q.2h.
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every 2 hours
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q.i.d.
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four times a day
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q.o.d.
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every other day
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qPM
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every evening
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t.i.d
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three times a day
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antacids
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Counteract or neutralize acidity, usually in the stomach.
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calcium carbonate - Mylanta, Rolaids, Tums
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antidiarrheals
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Control loose stools and relieve diarrhea by absorbing excess water in the bowel or slowing peristalsis in the intestinal tract.
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loperamide - Imodium
kaolin/pectin - Donnagel-MB, Kapectolin |
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antiemetics
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Control nausea and vomiting by blocking nerve impulses to the vomiting center of the brain.
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prochlorperazine - Compazine, Compro
trimethobenzamide - T-Gen, Tigan |
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antispasmodics
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Decrease GI spasms by slowing peristalsis and mobility throughout the GI tract. Prescribed for IBS, spastic colon, and diverticultis.
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glycopyyrolate - Robinul
propantheline - Pro-Banthine |
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laxatives
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Treat constipation by increasing peristaltic activity in the large intestine or increasing water and electrolyte secretion into the bowel to induce defecation.
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sennosides - Senokot, Senolax
psyllium - Metamucil, Natural Fiber Supplement. |
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antihistamines
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Block histamines from binding with histamine receptor site in tissues. Histamines cause sneezing, runny nose, itchiness, and rashes.
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fexofenadine - Allegra
loratadine - Claritin |
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antitussives
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Relieve or suppress coughing by blocking the cough reflex in the medulla of the brain. Used only with nonproductive dry coughs.
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hydrocodone - Hycodan
dextromethophan - Vicks Formula 44 |
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bronchodilators
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Stimulate bronchial muscles to relax, thereby expanding air passages, resulting in increased airflow. Used to treat chronic symptoms and prevent acute attacks in respiratory diseases such as asthma and COPD.
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albuterol - Proventil, Ventolin
salmeterol - Serevent |
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corticosteroids
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Act on immune system by blocking production of substances that trigger allergic and inflammatory reactions. Available as MDIs and oral pills to treat chronic lung diseases including asthma and COPD.
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belcomethasone - Vanceril, Beclovent
triamcinolone - Azmacort |
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decongestants
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Constrict blood vessels of the nasal passages and limit blood flow, which causes swollen tissue to shrink so that air can pass more freely.Commonly prescribed for allergies and colds and usually combines with antihistamines.
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oxymetazoline - Dristan
pseudophedrine - Drixol, Sudafed |
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expectorants
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Liquify respiratory secretions so that they are more easily dislodged during coughing episodes.
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guaifenesin - Robitussin, Organidin
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