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56 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Acidifying agent |
Used in liquid preparations to provide acidic medium for product stability |
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Alkalinizing agent |
Used in liquid preparations to provide alkaline medium for product stability |
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Adsorbent |
An agent capable of holding other molecules onto its surface by physical or chemical (chemisorption) means |
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Aerosol propellant |
Agent responsible for developing the pressure within an aerosol container and expelling the product when the valve is open |
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Air displacement |
Agent employed to displace air in hermetically sealed container to enhance product stability |
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Antifungal preservative |
Used in liquid and semisolid preparations to prevent growth in fungi. Effectiveness of parabens is usually enhanced by use in combination |
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Antimicrobial preservative |
Used in liquid and semisolid preparations to avoid growth of microorganisms |
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Antioxidant |
Used to prevent deterioration of preparations by oxidation |
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Buffering agent |
Used to resist change in ph uppn dilution or addition of acid or alkali |
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Chelating agent or sequestering agents |
Substances that form stable water soluble complexes (chelates) with metals; used in some liquid pharmaceuticals as stabilizers to complex heavy metals that might promote instability. |
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Colorant |
Used to impart color to liquid and solid |
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Clarifying agent |
Used as a filtering aid for its adsorbent qualities |
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Emulsifying agent |
Used to promote and maintain dispersion of finely subdivided particles of liquid in a vehicle in which it is immiscible. End product may be a liquid emulsion or semisolid emulsion |
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Encapsulating agent |
Used to form thin shells to enclose a drug for ease of administration |
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Flavorant |
Used to impart a pleasant flavor and oftwn odor to a preparation. In addition to the natural flavorants listed many synthetic ones are used |
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Humectant |
Used to prevent drying out of preparations, particularly oitments and creams |
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Levigating agent |
Liquid used as an intervening agent to reduce the particle size of a powder by grinding, usually in a mortar |
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Oitment base |
Semisolid vehicle for medicated oitments |
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Plasticizer |
Component of film coating solutions to make film more pliable, enhance spread of coat over tablets, beads and granules. |
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Solvent |
Used ro dissolve anotjer substance in preparation of a solution; may be aqueous or not |
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Stiffening agent |
Used to increase thickness or hardness of a preparation, usually an ointment |
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Suppository base |
Vehicle for suppositories |
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Surfactant |
Substances that absorb to surfaces or interfaces to reduce surface or interfacial tension. Mau be used as wetting agents, detergents or emulsifying agents |
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Suspending agent |
Viscosity-increasing agent used to reduce sedimentation rate of particles in a vehicle in which they are not soluble |
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Sweetening agent |
Impart sweetness to a preparation |
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Tablet antiadherents |
Prevent tablet ingredients from sticking to punches and dies during production |
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Tablet binders |
Substances used to cause adhesion or powder particles in tablet granulations |
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Tabket and capsule diluent |
Inert filler to create desired bulk, flow properties, and compression characteristics pf tablets and capsules |
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Tablet coating agent |
Used to coat a tabletbto protect againts decomposition by atmospheric oxygen or humidity, to provide a desired release pattern to mask taste or odor, or for aesthetic purposes |
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Sugar coated tablets |
Start to break up in the stomach |
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Film coated tablet |
Forms a thin cover around a formed tablet or bead |
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Enteric coating |
Passes through the stomach to break uo in yhr intestines |
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Tablet direct compression excipient |
Used in direct compression tablet formulations |
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Tablet disintegrant |
Used in solid forms to promote disruption of the mass into smaller particles more readily dispersed or dissolved |
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Tablet glidant |
Used in Tablet and capsule formulation to improve flow properties |
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Tablet lubricant |
Used in Tablet formulation to reduce friction during tablet compression |
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Tablet or capsule opaquant |
Used to impart an attractive sheen to coated tablets |
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Vehicle |
Carrying agentnused in formulating a variety of liquids for oral and parenteral administration |
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Flavored, sweetened |
Acacia syrup Aromatic syrup Aromatic elixr cherry syrup Cocoa syrup Syrup |
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Oleaginous |
Corn oil Mineral oil Peanut oil Sesame oil |
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Sterile |
Bacteriostatic sodium chloride injection |
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Viscosity increasing agent |
Used to render preparations more resistant to flow. Used in suspensions to deter sedimentation, in ophthalmic solutions to enhance contact time, to thicken topical creams |
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Viscosity increasing agent |
Alginic acid Bentonite Carbomer Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium Methylcellulose Povidone Sodium alginate Tragacanth |
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Tonicity agent |
Render solution similar in osmotic dextrose characteristics to physiological fluids |
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Tonicity agent |
Sodium chloride |
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Tablet polishing agent |
Carnauba wax White wax |
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Tablet lubricant |
Calcium stearate Magnesium stearate Mineral oil Stearic acid Zinc stearate |
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Tablet opaquant |
Titanium oxide |
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Tablet glidant |
Colloidal silica Cornstarch Talc |
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Tablet disintegrant |
Algimic acid Polacrilin potassium Sodium alginate Sodium starch glycolate Starch |
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Tablet direct compression excipient |
Dibasic calcium phosphate |
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Enteric coating |
Cellulose acetate phthalate Shellac |
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Film coating |
Hydroxymethyl cellulose Hydroxypropyl cellulose Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose Methylcellulose Ethylcellulose |
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Sugar coating |
Liquid glucose Sucrose |
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Tablet and capsule diluent |
Dibasic calcium phosphate Kaolin Lactose Mannitol Microcrystalline cellulose Powdered cellulose Precipitated calcium Carbonate Sorbitol Starch |
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Tablet binder |
Acacia Alginic acid Carboxymethylcellulose sodium Compressible sugar Ethylcellulose Gelatin Liquid glucose Methylcellulose Povidone Pregelatinized starch |
